per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133728articlemohamad ansariansarimohamad1@gmail.com1The phenomenon of excommunication as a theological and jurisprudential issue has emerged in human societies throughout history, and sometimes people have shown many reactions to this phenomenon. For this reason, the issue of opposing disbelief has been criticized among the Imami scholars of the religion, and various interpretations of it have been created along with numerous divisions. Infidelity is divided into theological and jurisprudential dimensions, and many differences between the two can be seen in the opinion of scholars. Some scholars consider the believers to opposite religion to be infidels in jurisprudence, some consider them to be infidels in theology, and some consider them to be Muslims. Of course, those scholars who are against the disbelief of jurisprudence, who are few in number and sometimes have a history of reporting, exclude the oppressed opponents from the circle of disbelief in jurisprudence. This research examines these views with descriptive-analytical library studies. In the upcoming article, the ambiguities and questions in this field have been addressed with descriptive analytical method and library tools and new results have been studied. http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/43998Excommunication opposition theological blasphemy jurisprudential blasphemyper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-091332948articlepouran Bagheri afsharp.bagheryafshar@gmail.com1maryam Bakhtiarbakhtyarmaryam@yahoo.com2Ali yar HoseiniHoseinimis@gmail.com3Islamic Azad university of masjed soleimanThe straight path is one of the most important topics mentioned in the Holy Quran and the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). Imam Khomeini (RA) also spoke about it both in the language of the masses and mystically in his statements and writings. They consider human happiness to be in a straight path and to move and grow in this sublime path. In this descriptive-analytical research, "the truth of the direct path from the mystical perspective of Imam Khomeini (RA)" has been explained. The importance of the real and royal meaning and the mystical behavior of the Imam showed the scientific research about the truth of Sarat to be necessary and necessary. Because until that royal truth is not revealed, it is not possible to go to its examples, and also the lack of understanding of the truth of the path will lead to the multiplicity of paths. Truths are like stomachs, speaking about one truth is not a denial of another truth. If the truth of the path is Tawheed and Wilayat, these two things are not separate from each other, and if the path is drawn in the world, it is actually the correct path of Tawheed and accepting Wilayat. In the words of Imam Khomeini (RA), the direct path of legislation, which is the continuation of the path of development, starts from the realm of the tangible world and is stretched until the meeting with God, which is the final destination, and when the veils are removed in the world of the hereafter, this path is a tangible bridge. It will be seen on hell. In fact, the hereafter path is the embodiment of the worldly path. In Arghani's view, Imam Khomeini's Inna Allah wa Inna Ilyeh Rajjoon and Asfar Arba'ah actually refer to the straight path. In this spiritual journey, people reach the truth of the path with the help of the guides of the straight path.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/43999Quran direct path mysticism truth Imam Khomeiniper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-091334974articleEbrahim Barzegare.barzegar93@yahoo.com1ardashir sadraldiniardashir.sadraddini@gmail.com2mostafa yeganisobhanyegani@gmail.com3Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch, Mahabad, IranAssistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch, Mahabad, IranThe novel is one of the literary genres in the literature of resistance, which was considered by some committed and patriotic writers after the presence of the Zionist regime in the region. Hence, Arab writers in their writings try to strengthen the spirit of unity among the people by stimulating a sense of national zeal, especially towards the element of language. At the same time, he is not unaware of world affairs beyond the geographical boundaries of the land in which he was born. Reflecting on today's Arab fiction, we find many works of fiction influenced by the war between Arab Muslims and Zionism, whose authors were directly or indirectly influenced by this phenomenon to introduce the true face of the usurping Jew to the world. The Jewish people, with their special characteristics, have been introduced as the worst enemy of Islam, and no one stubbornly confronts the Muslims. The present study, which has been written in a descriptive-analytical method with the aim of introducing the Jewish face in the novels of Ahmad and David, and Sediqati Al-Yehudi, the findings indicate that in both novels, they talk about historical events in their works and using the capacities of fiction literature, a lasting narration of facts has been expressed and they have used all the components and narrative as a sign to explain their desired beliefs and ideology. To shed light on the true image of the Jews. In these novels, they shed light on the context in which the operation of martyrdom begins, and answer the questions raised in the international arena about resistance, martyrdom, and what the West calls terrorism.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44000Reference values Jewish Face Contemporary Arab Novel Ahmad and David Siddiqui Al-Judaismper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-091337594articleFereshteh Balochibaloochif@gmail.com1Mohammad mehdi Taghdisimm.taghdisi@gmail.com2Mohammad Jafari Harandiem.jafari.harandi31@yahoo.com3According to Imamiyyah, Imam Hojjat is chosen and appointed God to guide humanity. Therefore, he necessarily has characteristics that, while not leaving him out of the order of God and being the creature of God, makes him different from ordinary human beings. One of the most important of these features is the immunity from any sin and error that is referred to as infallibility in the term science; Because the imam's error throws his authority and contradicts the wisdom and justice of God. Also, another of the dignity of the Imamate is his complete and extensive science. In the meantime, God sometimes finds expedient to inform the Imam of the unseen. These doctrines are all derived from the verses of the Qur'an and the valid themes of the narrative that will be mentioned in the text of the article. The method of this article is analytical-reciprocal, and we would like to say that the exaggeration of the attributes and characteristics of the infallibles (AS) is due to the lack of attention to the minutes and subtleties that exist in this form and in the criteria of exaggeration. In this article, the author will say in a precise meaning that the concept of humanity is human, that if affairs are inherently impossible to human, such as divinity, abstraction and complete independence, God is the cause of God and his unity with human beings. ;; But the extraordinary things that are inherently possible and according to the evidence and documentation - though rarely - are not exaggerated, and it can be considered as the superhuman attributes of the Imams.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44001Infallible Imams Unseen Science transcendental attributes infallibilityper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-0913395128articleAfsaneh Paymardafsaneh_paymard@yahoo.com1Azad universityAccording to Imamiyyah, Imam Hojjat is chosen and appointed God to guide humanity. Therefore, he necessarily has characteristics that, while not leaving him out of the order of God and being the creature of God, makes him different from ordinary human beings. One of the most important of these features is the immunity from any sin and error that is referred to as infallibility in the term science; Because the imam's error throws his authority and contradicts the wisdom and justice of God. Also, another of the dignity of the Imamate is his complete and extensive science. In the meantime, God sometimes finds expedient to inform the Imam of the unseen. These doctrines are all derived from the verses of the Qur'an and the valid themes of the narrative that will be mentioned in the text of the article. The method of this article is analytical-reciprocal, and we would like to say that the exaggeration of the attributes and characteristics of the infallibles (AS) is due to the lack of attention to the minutes and subtleties that exist in this form and in the criteria of exaggeration. In this article, the author will say in a precise meaning that the concept of humanity is human, that if affairs are inherently impossible to human, such as divinity, abstraction and complete independence, God is the cause of God and his unity with human beings. ;; But the extraordinary things that are inherently possible and according to the evidence and documentation - though rarely - are not exaggerated, and it can be considered as the superhuman attributes of the Imams.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44002Infallible Imams Unseen Science transcendental attributes infallibilityper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133129154articleShahrokh Hekmatsh-hekmat@iau-arak.ac.ir1Faculty member of Arak Islamic Azad UniversityAbul Hasan Ali Ibn Ismail Ash'ari (260-330 AH) in order to find a middle way between the ideas of Mu'tazili devolution and Ash'ari determinism, proposed the theory of "earning" and declared that God is the creator of human voluntary actions and man is the earner of these actions. He considered acquisition to be the combination of the power of God and man, and he believed that voluntary action takes place following this combination. Based on this, man has no influence on the existence of his voluntary act and is only the place of his act. For this reason, the flow of God's habit causes the emergence of power and authority in man, and his voluntary action is performed. Many scholars have considered the theory of acquisition as another interpretation of the theory of determinism and determinism. Of course, there was a development in Ash'ari determinism and acquisition, and some Ash'ari scholars tried to interpret it in a different way. Khaqani Shervani (520-595 AH) is one of the greatest Iranian poets and one of the first-class speakers of the Persian language who, despite following the Sunni religion, respects Shia beliefs and holy things. Khaqani is biased in religion, but avoids being classist; Despite all this, he tends to Ash'ari theological mashrab, especially Ash'ari Kasbah, and in many cases he prefers moderate algebra. The results of this research, which is based on a library method and descriptive-analytical method, show that Khaqani, while accepting predestination in human destiny, also talks about free will in some cases, and at the same time as a religious religion, in writing some poems, he expresses a way of thinking. And the teachings of Ash'ari thought are based on the Ash'ari theory of acquisition.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44003Theology Determinism Intermediate Algebra Divan Khaqaniper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133155182articleali khalajiALI.KHALAJI110@YAHOO.COM1Amir Reza Khaliliamirkhalili1353@gmail.com2seyed ahmad darestaniAhmaddarestani110@gmail.com3Seyyed Mohammad Hosseinism.hosseini@urd.ac.ir4studentnoPeace is one of the important issues that all sects and religions pay serious attention to and try to present a clear picture of. Baha'i is one of the sects that is trying hard to show itself as the leader in providing peace and peaceful coexistence in the world. The main question in this article is, what is the concept, degrees and types of peace in Baha'i texts? The purpose of this research is to show the levels and characteristics of peace using Baha'i written sources. The findings of this research show that four terms of peace have been mentioned in Baha'i texts, which are general peace, lesser peace, greater peace, and greater peace. These terms do not have exact characteristics and for the first three terms, the feature of homogeneity is mentioned and the greatest peace is when all people accept the Baha'i teachings and become Baha'is. The image of peace from the Baha'is has no scientific depth and is just a few simple recommendations, and contrary to what they believe, it cannot be considered as the savior of mankind and knowledge from God. The nature of this descriptive scientific article and the method of collecting information is also a library. http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44004peace Baha'i public peace minor peace greater peace great peaceper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133183198articleNajmeh Rahnama falavarjani najmeh.rahnama@gmail.com1Mohammadreza Hajiesmailim.hajiesmaeili@ltr.ui.ac.ir2mehdi motiam.motia@gmail.com3PhD student in Quranic and Hadith Professor, Department of Quran and Hadith (Narrations), Faculty of Theology and Courses of Ahl al-Bayt (AS), University of Isfahan, Isfahan. iranAssociate Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, IranSemantic research, semantic research has been based on the Izutsu method, and a large number of articles have been published based on this method. But less research has been paid attention to the etymology of this method. And most of the researches conducted in this field have only been satisfied with the semantic aspect of this method, so this question remains unanswered, which philosophical theory is this semantic method based on? Is it a modern or postmodern view? In the meantime, the importance of answering this question is that it clarifies what was the paradigm of Izetsu in the design of this model and whether this view is consistent with what the Qur'an itself is trying to express or is this theory merely a way to answer the criteria of philosophy. The West is based on holy texts such as the Quran. In this field, it is not possible to obtain a research that can directly answer the mentioned question, therefore, the mentioned article is responsible for answering this question. And it has been concluded that Izutsu's method is neither a purely modern view nor an absolutely post-modern view. Rather, it is an eclectic view of both philosophies, which has accepted the postmodern relativistic view in ontology and used the structuralism and utilitarianism of modern philosophy in methodology.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44005semantics Izutsu semantic network totalism metanarrativeper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133199222articleMaryam Sayahim.sayahi100@gmail.com1hormoz asadikohbadAsadi.koohbad@gmail.com2Masoud PakdelMasoudpakdel@yahoo.com3Department of Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Ramhormoz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ramhormoz, Iran.Department of Persian Language and Literature, Ramormoz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ramormoz, IranIn this research, he investigated the jurisprudence of Shariat, Tariqat, Truth and Sama in the Sufi school from the perspective of Imamiyya jurists. In fact, this research is about one of the basic issues of Islamic mysticism and Sufism, that is, Sharia, Tariqat, Truth and Sama. Sharia is considered to be orders and commands sent by the Lord to guide the servants. Tariqat has also been defined by the special way and method of the seekers, which includes conditions and officials, and the mystics consider the truth to be the last abode of guidance, which is difficult to describe. Most of the mystics consider this stage with astonishment. In this research, we seek to understand the nature and relevance of the jurisprudential examination of Sharia, Tariqat, Truth and Sama in the school of mystics and Sufis from the perspective of Imamiyya jurists. The words Shariat, Tariqat, Truth and Sama have a long history in Islamic mysticism and Sufism. But the important point here is that the mystics of different schools expressed different opinions in this regard. Some of them consider the sharia necessary only in the initial stages of conduct and consider a mystic who reaches the truth as not needing to follow the rites of the sharia, but some believe that performing the outward affairs of the sharia is never a burden on a person, even if the mystic reaches the stage of truth. has arrived.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44006Sharia Tariqat Truth Samaper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133223242articleSeyedeh Maryam Ghazimaryam_ghazi@yahoo.com1ali moradkhanidr.moradkhani@yahoo.com2Mohammad shokrimohammadshokry44@gmail.com3Azad University, North Tehran BranchBased on the notions of Gilles Deleuze, the researcher studied the expression of hidden aspects of objects through painting. By tracing the development of art from the prehistoric era to the postmodern era, using a method based on color orientation and how it affects sensation, going beyond figuration, which includes intersections and pauses, beyond studies focused on form and content, color and color sensation of the paintings can be investigated as an essence of the interaction of the forces affecting the concepts concealed on the canvas. The investigation of surface-level conflicts of colors on canvas was set aside in favor of examining the painting process as a result of concealed thoughts and the true expression of colors, allowing for the achievement of the ideas hidden in the colors. To collect data for this qualitative research, a desk study was carried out. The purpose was to identify the qualities of modern painting that are based on color orientation and how it impacts perception, as well as to identify the mechanisms affecting color relationships on the painting canvas. In order to explore a perspective on painting, the researcher developed a framework by highlighting the key notions in Gilles Deleuze’s theories. Making the invisible visible was finally accomplished through the study of colors, the absolute significance of a visual reality that has nothing left to convey, and by accepting the shift from the cliches of visual and action paintings.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44007Philosophy Gilles Deleuze Painting Color relationship Affect Forces affecting Invisibleper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133243252articleHossein movahedpoorh.movahedpoor@gmail.com1Seyyed Hashem Golestanigolestani1315@gmail.com2Mohammad Reza ShamshiriMoshamshiri@yahoo.com3university staffAssociate Professor, Department of Philosophy and Theology, Khorasgan Branch (Isfahan), Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranThe collective view of Islamic philosophers is that reason is unable to prove physical resurrection and the reasons for proving physical resurrection are merely narrative. Considering that the main truth of man is in the soul and understanding is also achieved by the soul, and in the meantime, the soul uses matter only as a tool and a means to achieve its desires.In this article ،an attempt is made to first present a brief picture of the appearance of elemental doubts and the non-physicality of resurrection among Islamic philosophers، and then to discuss the foundations of resurrection in the wisdom of the Supreme.Attention should be paid to this matter، how can the main problems and doubts raised by Sadr al-Mutealehin be resolved and what answer can be found for it.http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44008Maad Molasadra Ibn Sina reincarnation Hakim Zenozei Maad Rouhaniper Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352023-09133253269articleShahnaz Yazdan Panahshyazdan69@gmail.com1Reza Dehghanirdehghani@ut.ac.ir2Nematullah Ahmadi Nasabnematahmadi@gmail.com3Associate Professor, Department of West Asian and African Studies, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, IranAssistant Professor, Department of History, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranAtheism in the Abbasid era had a different meaning and a broader implication than the previous periods. During this period, the term atheist did not refer to a disbeliever in God or a denier of prophethood. Rather, from the perspective of the caliphs and their agents, the atheists and the heretics, were those whose political and religious attitudes and beliefs were in conflict with the religion of Islam. The caliphs considered their suppression necessary and lawful in order to guard the Sharia and preserve the unity of the Islamic Ummah. These heretics were from different social groups with different viewpoints. Atheistic thought manifested in the form of political and social movements and fighting against them was the most important concern of the Caliphs. Although many of them were not religious in nature, but yet, they had cultural and economic aspects. This article seeks to answer the question, why did the Abbasids always try to connect the the various movements and intellectual thoughts with the two pillars of religion and hereticism (Zandiqgari) In this article, Lucien Faber's theory is used to understand the concept of Zandiqgari. In her famous book, Fabor analyzed atheism in the Middle Ages and examined it from a social and political point of view. The purpose of this research is to analyze the approaches of the caliphs and the thinkers of the Abbasid era in the fight against Zindiqism and their relationship with the mindset and the belief structure that governed their society. Causal and library research methods were used for analysis in this artictle. http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/44009Zandiq Abbasid caliphate Ghazali Ash'ari Fabur Shiites