per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153730articleSamad Behrouzs.behrouz@tabrizu.ac.ir1gorbanali karimzadeh garamalekig.karimzadeh@tabrizu.ac.ir2Asad Mahdioun Herabasad.mahdi3132@gmail.com3Faculty Member of Tabriz University associate professor, Department of Philosophy and Kalam Notaries Association<p>By denying God and religion and considering them as illusions, Dawkins claims that religious faith is a blind truth and a kind of mental illness and an accidental product of a kind of deviation in a useful matter; therefore, religion is in conflict with science and has a virus-like opposition and prevents its progress. In this research, her perspective has been criticized and examined using an analytical and descriptive method, and in library studies it has been clarified. However, according to philosophical kālām of Imamiyyā discourse, contrary to Dawkins' view, believes that science and religion are not only not contradictory, but the truth of religion, unlike Dawkins, originates from the pure institution of man and is based on rational and unbreakable principles, and its relationship with science is distinct in some areas and complementary in some cases and interactive in some cases. Also, from the perspective of philosophical kālām of Imamiyyā, if empirical science is viewed as absolute and certainty, it will be a harmful error to the extent of denying God and will cause the collapse of the principles of human ethics and virtues.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51284Dawkins Religion Science Relationship between Science and Religion Philosophical Kālām.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-081533152articleabdolhosain khosropanahkhosropanahdezfuli@gmail.com1Abouzar Rajabirajabi@maaref.ac.ir2hossein imani moghadamImani.hoseyn@yahoo.com3<p>In the last two centuries, like their Mu'tazila predecessors, Neo-Mu'tazilites have emphasized rationalism in understanding religion. In one way, they had a heart connection to religion and in another way, they were influenced and sometimes intimidated by Western scientism and liberalism. The result of this thinking has been the tendency towards spiritualism and the predominance of lewdness and tolerance in the appearance and rituals of religion. The theory of the gem and the shell of religion refers to an approach that divides the teachings of religion into two parts, the purposes and rituals of religion. This view in two approaches; The gem of religion and the gem of religion have been designed. In a historical course and intellectual development, Numu'tazila were influenced by the intellectual foundations of the modernist thinkers of the Indian subcontinent such as Shah Waliullah Dehlavi. He was a traditional thinker and one of the leading figures of the reform movement in the Indian subcontinent and also the leader of the Salafi movement. the purpose of the research; The analysis of the issue of gem and shell of religion in the writings and words of Shah Waliullah Dehlavi and neo-Mutzlians such as Sarsyid Ahmad Khan Handi, Iqbal Lahori, Abu Zaid and Abdul Karim Soroush, and we came to the conclusion that Shah Waliullah Dehlavi, in this regard, believes It is related to the issue of gems and oysters, and it seems that his slippery words and his acceptance of some fluctuations in his religious thought have been effective in the entry of N. Mu'tazila intellectuals of the Islamic world into the issue of gems and oysters..</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51285Influence Shah Valiollah Dehlavi Numatzlian Gohar and Sadaf.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-081535373articleAnvar Raiesiraissi3010@gmail.com1Abbas Ahmadi Saadiab.ahmadi@iau.ac.ir2Mohammad Ali Akhgarakhgar@iaushiraz.ac.ir3Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, FASA Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran <p>Cosmology is one of the oldest philosophical issues that sages and thinkers have discussed and examined and each of them has said something based on their intellectual foundations and horizons. It is obvious that these two divine sages, each of whom has a special philosophical system and school of thought, must have a special point of view in this regard, and this article tries to express their answers to some of the basic questions of cosmology based on their philosophical foundations. In Mulla Sadra's system of existential skepticism, God's relationship with the world, the relationship of independent existence with existence, is a relational existence. There are degrees and doubts, and its degrees are different and distinct in intensity and weakness, priority and delay, perfection and imperfection, wealth and poverty, and what is in Spinoza's philosophy highlights the diversity of human existence and nature. "Nature, according to Spinoza, is the necessity of constant mutation and the inescapability of dependence among finite beings.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51286Sponza Mulla Sadra world philosophy God.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-081537592articleHamidreza Shakerinshakerinh@gmail.com1The logic of Understanding Religion Group, Research Institute for Islamic Thought and Culture, Qom, Iran<p>Religious function, especially concerning human relationships, peaceful coexistence and social contracts is one of the most important issue in the contemporary religious studies. There have been considerable scholars who believe that religion has a basic rule on producing social coherence and stability. Richard Dawkins, the contemporary naturalist and neo Darwinist, however, believes that religion is the basis of schism, violence, war and bleeding. On the other hand he looks unbelief and atheism as innocent and avoid of such accusations. Considering importance of the subject, this article is to study the opinion suggested by Dawkins and his explanations, by using a biblical-descriptive method and evaluate them through a rational analytical approach with an emphasis on the Islamic doctrine. The result is that Dawkins&rsquo; picture of religion and its function is erroneous, lacking several logical and scientific standards. Therefor it can never be reliable.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51287Religion Religious Study Religious Function Religion and Society The New Atheism Richard Dawkins.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-0815393118articleMasoud SheibakSheibak_M2025@gmail.com1Nader Mokhtari Efrakatidr_mokhtariafra@theo.usb.ac.ir2Mahmood Ghayoomzademaaref@aiu-saveh.ac.ir3<p>Religion-based arbitration is one the dispute resolution mechanisms that has many applications and benefits in global legal systems. &ldquo;Hakamiyat&rdquo; as an Islamic arbitration process enjoys different epistemological, anthropological and legal capacities which are not investigated and employed adequately. One reason its inherent contradiction with western legal systems that has brought about some serious challenges. Thus the current research was an attempt to adopt phenomenographic research to discover main components of the contradiction between &ldquo;Hakamiyat&rdquo; and international dispute resolution mechanisms. Research findings revealed that these contradictions bring about challenges in three dimensions including structural-epistemological contradictions, substantive contradiction, and procedural contradictions each entailing different variables. Research findings revealed that these contradictions bring about challenges in three dimensions including structural-epistemological contradictions, substantive contradiction, and procedural contradictions each entailing different variables. Research findings revealed that these contradictions bring about challenges in three dimensions including structural-epistemological contradictions, substantive contradiction, and procedural contradictions each entailing different variables.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51288Contradiction Arbitration Nominate Contract Consensual Contract Epistemology Jurisprudence Law.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153119146articleYaghub Alizadehy_alizadeh@pnu.ac.ir1<p>Research shows that for various reasons, including the ease of online mixing of non-gay people, marital infidelity is increasing in cyberspace today. Despite the fact that virtual space was not a widespread phenomenon during the lifetime of Imam Khomeini, but from his guidelines about the media and loyalty in life, we can understand the opinion of that Imam regarding the main question of this research: the aforementioned betrayals, which are one of the main reasons for divorce. And the separation of couples is considered, in the current legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, what guarantees do they have in order to protect the society from the damage of this destructive phenomenon? In this research, first, with the library method, scientific data related to cyber marital infidelity and its damage to the relationships of people in the society and the opinions of Imam Khomeini about the media and loyalty in the family were collected, and then by studying the existing legal norms and laws, The legal status of cyber marital infidelity and the guarantee of criminal execution of their avoidance were investigated and the findings of the study were qualitatively analyzed. The results of the research show that despite the opinions of Imam Khomeini about the media and the necessity of marital fidelity, marital infidelity in cyberspace is not known in Iran's legal system, and there are not many legal enforcement guarantees to avoid it, and there are no criminal enforcement guarantees for this phenomenon. Can only be considered a subgroup of crimes known as illicit relationships. The technological complexity of marital infidelity, the novelty of their legal status and the destructive effects it has on people's lives require the legislator to provide the necessary enforcement guarantees to prevent this phenomenon.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51289Imam Khomeini guarantee of criminal execution marital infidelity virtual space Internet crime and punishment.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153147169articlealimohammad amurasuliamurasuli1234@gmail.com1<p>This article examines the teachings and scope of Prophet Shuaib's (AS) call based on the verses of the Holy Quran and compares it with the teachings of the Torah. The aim of this research is to explain the points of commonality and difference in the moral, social and doctrinal themes contained in the call of Prophet Shuaib (AS) from the perspective of the Quran and the Torah. The research method is to analyze the content of the verses and related texts and to compare them. The findings show that in both divine books, emphasis is placed on monotheism, justice, avoiding short selling and economic corruption, but there are also differences in the details and manner of expressing these teachings. The view of the Quran and the Torah on the two axes of Prophet Shuaib's call to monotheism and economic justice is not the same, and the Quran provides more details and details. This issue could be due to the difference in historical, cultural conditions and specific characteristics of each of these two divine books. This study can help to better understand the position of Prophet Shuaib (AS) in the Abrahamic tradition and to more accurately recognize the common and distinctive teachings of monotheistic religions. In this research, the author has comprehensively explained and analyzed the content of the mentioned topic based on the library method..</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51290Quran Torah Shuaib Reuel Jethroun Midian Companions of the Alaykah.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153171191articleAli Asghar Qorbaniaqorbani@anjomedu.ir1Javad Soleimani Amirisoleymaniamiri@iki.ac.ir2Imam Khomeini Educational and Research InstituteImam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute<p>The authority and sovereignty over the people are intrinsically and primarily the exclusive property of the Almighty God. He has given this right to his chosen ones, i.e. the prophets and Imams (pbuh). The virtues and privileges stated in the Holy Qur'an and the traditions of the Prophet (pbuh) regarding the Imams of the Ahl al-Bayt (pbuh) show that they - and not others - deserve this divine right. By explaining his virtues in the form of argumentation and Munashada (making argument by swearing an oath), Amir al-Mominin Ali (pbuh) pursued his divine right and duty and did not retreat from it - as much as possible; As after the caliphate, he continued his enlightening Munashadat. Imam's Munashada on consultation Day (Yum al-Shura) is one of his most important Munashadat before his caliphate. The purpose of this research is to recover and compare this Munashada in Shia and Sunni sources. This research is organized by comparative descriptive method and collection of mate rials in library form. The findings of this research indicate the behavioral and speech efforts of Amir al-Mominin (pbuh) in the path of achieving his divine right and duty in the authority over the people; This was done, among other things, by explaining his specific virtues in the form of Munashadat and especially Munashada on the day of the Shura.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51291Haq Wilayat Fazil Amir al-Mominin (AS) Manasheda Yum al-Shuri.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153193210articleAlireza GhareVeisialirezagharehvisi@yahoo.com1reza Haidari NoriR.heydarinoori@yahoo.com2Manijeh Fallahim.fallahi304@yahoo.com3<p>Knowing the structure and understanding the nature of social actions has been one of the most fundamental and main parts of people's lives in all societies since long ago. Although there have been many discussions about various aspects of Islamic mysticism and Sufism in the past several decades, there is still a gap in many scientific researches about the social dimensions of mysticism, and it seems that many discussions can be raised in this regard. Being influenced by the society, Persian mysticism both generates behaviors and influences it reciprocally, and Arif, as a social activist, can look at many of the problems of abnormality and behavior in the social sphere from his sharp and reverent eyes and analyze the problems of the society and recommendations. Ethical to pay for defects and deficiencies. In this research, which was carried out in a descriptive-analytical way, based on library studies and document analysis in two valuable mystical works, namely Mersad al-Ebad and Kashfol-Mahjub, we intend to investigate and analyze the social actions of Najmuddin Razi and Jollabi Hojawiri as two knowledgeable mystics with the structure of social behavior. . The findings and results of the research indicate that Sheikh Najmuddin Razi has criticized and evaluated many of the general concerns and issues of the society with direct political-social orientations and addressing the classes of peasants, artisans, etc. Considerably against hypocrisy and rebellion regarding the manifestations of corruption, especially among devotees and ascetics and Sufis, he has criticized the discourse of hypocrisy prevailing in the society.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51292sociology. Social mysticism. Mystical prose texts. Mersad al-Ebad and the kashfol Mahjoub.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153211228articleAllahyar Ghazvini Firoozkalaghazvinialahyar@gmail.com1Abbas Samavatiab.sama@chmail.ir2Jebraiel Omidiomidijebraeal@yahoo.com3<p>One of the important issues of the pre-sale contract of a building is to consider the pre-sale contract of a building as formal because failure to observe the formalities in formal contracts prevents the formation of a contract. The pre-sale law of a building has been enacted with the focus on how to prepare a specific contract under the title of pre-sale contract of a building and the regulations surrounding it. The present article has analyzed and examined the explanation of the formal nature of the pre-sale contract of a building and its effects from a jurisprudential and legal perspective. Although this contract is jurisprudentially in the form of contracts of suspended contract, peace of istisna, total in the debt, not received, salm and mere sale, a non-named contract of a specific thing, and legally in the form of independent private contracts, sale, commitment to sell, promise to sell, consent, and a contractual ownership contract have also been discussed and examined in the thesis, and each of them has its merits, and other theories may be proposed in the analysis and explanation of the nature of the pre-sale contract of a building that can be examined from a jurisprudential and legal perspective..</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51293Pre-sale contract for a building jurisprudential explanation formal contract.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153229253articlemohammad karaminiakaraminia.mohammad@yahoo.com1reza berenjkarberenjkar@ut.ac.ir2mohammad ranjbarhosseiniranjbarhosseini@gmail.com3University of TehranQuran and Hadith University - Qom<p>In the perspective of philosophy and theology, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi is considered a dual thinker. In some scientific discussions and topics, he expressed two different opinions, one based on the intellectual principles of theologians and the other on the profession of philosophers. This may initially create ambiguity and doubt, because it seems that Nasir al-Din presented multiple opinions. In this article, we will first briefly discuss some of Nasir al-Din's multiple opinions that show a kind of heterogeneity. Then, in the analysis of these opinions, six hypotheses are proposed, and the proponents and supporters of each of them will be discussed. In the following, each of these hypotheses will be carefully examined to determine which is stronger. Finally, the selected viewpoint will be presented. This article, by examining Nasir al-Din's views and paying attention to his social and scientific status, and the periods of his life and interactions, shows that his real opinion is the foundations of Imami theology, and philosophical views are included in Nasir al-Din's philosophical works in accordance with the requirements of philosophy. He also wrote philosophical works and philosophical views that were opposed to Imami theology due to his living conditions and presence in Ismaili fortresses, and out of taqiyyah. The hypothesis of "change of opinion" is generally rejected in this research.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51294Plurality Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi philosophy theology change of opinion taqiyyah necessity of knowledge.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153255272articlekiamars mansoorimansoorii.k.50@gmail.com1Ismat SavadiE_savadi@yahoo.com2hormoz asadikohbadAsadi.koohbad@gmail.com3<p>Jihad is the law of creation and nature, and life is not possible without it, and the concept of self-sacrifice, which means putting others before oneself, has a prominent place due to its impact on the transformational society. With the aim of explaining the religious components of martyrs, emphasizing the teachings of Islamic Jihad and using a descriptive-analytical method, the present research aims to investigate the religious components of martyrs and the utilitarianism of belief in the epistemology of sacrifice in addition to the conceptualization of sacrifice and jihad as a justified belief. As a result, practical commitment to religious authority, supporter of the Islamic revolution, jihad in the way of God, avoiding worldly affairs, true religiousness and good morals are among the religious components of martyrs. In addition, sacrifice has two approaches from the perspective of utilitarianism. First, sacrifice as a process shows a valuable action that has prerequisites, stages, and achievements. This process shows a way of living that is a mixture of available awareness and attainable awareness, and explaining the religious components of martyrs by emphasizing the teachings of Islamic Jihad, focusing on the emergence of the human essence, language and defeat of the enemy, and pride and pride can lead to socialization and acceptance. people in Islamic society.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51295self-sacrifice self-sacrifice jihad belief components Islamic teachings.per Islamic Azad University - Saveh Branch (Islamic Teaching Department)پژوهش‌های اعتقادی کلامی9899-17359899-17352025-08153273294articleseyed jalal mahdizadehmahdizadehsj@gmail.com1Mahdi Farmanian Aranim.farmanian@gmail.ir2Seyyed Hasan Motahajjed AskariSh.motahajjed@urd.ac.ir3University of Religions and Religions<p>There is a ruling on the permissibility of taking help and seeking help from the parents of God and God and His family. In summary, there are many works that mention the merits and virtues of the Imams of Athar (peace be upon them) and express Salafiyyah in the matter of drawing from the saints of God by mentioning the formation of the Ahl al-Bayt. May God's blessings be upon them and the explanation of the planning of the affairs of the world and the world, and every jurist who refers to Namud, according to the words of the first and you need proof of the legitimacy of your help, the words of the Imamiyya scholars about the effectiveness of me. God, in planning the affairs of the world, by proving the matter of creation with the Ahl al-Bayt Athar, peace be upon him, and stating the meaning of the administration of the affairs of the world, is a direct request for the need for this reason, which is permissible, but growth is necessary. Therefore, it can be said that the promise to intercede among the elders of the Imamiyyah was not only approved and proposed as an opinion, but they explained and fully defended it throughout the history of Shiism.</p>http://kalam.saminatech.ir/Article/51296Permissibility of intercession legitimacy of intercession formative guardianship dignity of saints miracles of prophets doer of miracles.