Balance in Eastern Philosophy on Philosophical Totality
Subject Areas : کلام اسلامی
1 -
Keywords: Balance, Eastern Philosophy, Philosophical Totality, Moral Matter, Religions.,
Abstract :
Balance in a broad sense can be considered as a desirable intermediate point or state between two or more opposite points or states. This article shows that the idea of balance is everywhere; this idea appears in nature, science, religions and beliefs. This idea is proven by trying to extract this idea from prominent ethical theories in Eastern philosophy, namely ethics in Islam, Taoism, Hinduism and Buddhism. In science and the natural world, molecules, objects, or plants simply move toward equilibrium. This descriptively gives us some form of equilibrium. Ethically, many theories, as I show in the paper, strive for balance and thus normatively prescribe balance as an indicator of choice, behavior and action. The findings in this research show the results that balanced behavior and action leads to ethical action, while unbalanced behavior and action leads to an unethical action. At the end of the article, it is emphasized that balance can help a lot in improving the individual and collective life of humans and is necessary to a large extent.
قرآن کریم(1388). ترجمه¬ی مهدی الهی قمشه¬ای، تهران: سازوکار، خانه آفتاب.
نهج¬البلاغه(1390). ترجمه¬ی علی شیروانی، قم: نهاد نمایندگی مقام معظم رهبری در دانشگاه¬ها، دفتر نشر معارف.
Bellaimey, J. (2013). The hidden meanings of yin and yang In: TED-Ed (ed).
Gandhi, Mahatma (2019). GoodReads; Available at: http://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/5810891.Mahatma_Gandhi.
Gauding M. (2009). The Signs and Symbols Bible: The Definitive Guide to Mysterious Markings: Sterling.
Mack J. (2002). Karma 101: Fair Winds.
Motilal S. (2011). Applied Ethics and Human Rights: Conceptual Analysis and Contextual Applications: Anthem Press.
Nabelsi, A-A. (2008). .مفتاح المعيه فى دستور الطريقه النفشبنديه: الدار الجودية
Noble, John (2015). Fringe Amber; Available at:
http://www.tv.com/shows/fringe/amber‐31422‐1360825/trivia/
O Grady, Kevin. (2005). Professor Ninian smart, Phenomenology and Religious Education, British Journal of Religious Education, 27:3, 227-237.
Peters FE. (1994). The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places: Princeton University Press.
Samat T. (2001). The 99 Most Eminent Names of Allah: Utusan Publications & Distributors.
Smart. N. (1995). The Values of Religious Studies, Journal of Beliefs & Values, 16:2, 7-10.
ــــــــــــــ. (1997). Refletions in themirror of Religion, Palgrave Macmillan UK.
Stepanjanc, MT. (2007) Comparative Ethics in a Global Age: Council for Research in Values and Philosophy.
Wong E. (2011). Taoism: Shambhala.