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        1 - Revision of the psychological pillar of crime in the crime of biodiversity and the Islamic view of it
        seyed mahmoods mirkhalili Abuzar  Salari Far
        Given the harmful effects of environmental crime, lawyers are looking for solutions that greatly reduce these harmful effects and further deteriorate these crimes. Among the developments related to environmental crime in some legal systems in the world The evolution of More
        Given the harmful effects of environmental crime, lawyers are looking for solutions that greatly reduce these harmful effects and further deteriorate these crimes. Among the developments related to environmental crime in some legal systems in the world The evolution of the concept of fault and the pillar of psychology, so that today, in many cases in environmental crimes, liability is criminal and legal without the need for a fault and psychological peculiarities of the perpetrator. The responsibility without fault Which is reflected in various forms in the legal literature, is to be ignored or implied The guilt of the guilty and the pillar is related to the perpetrator's ability to blame. Although the principle of innocence requires that the psychological element of the crime, as well as other elements of the crime, be proved, but in environmental offenses, given the importance of these crimes and the inescapable damages. Compensation in this regard after committing a crime and increasing the risk of committing a crime, will increase the level of supervision and in some way increase deterrence, and will adhere to the principles adopted in environmental law, such as the precautionary principle, the principle of prevention, the principle of payment by the polluter and the principle Compensation is consistent Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - A research on the ideological foundations of responsibility and commitment in the case of brief sources
        Seifollah  Golijani Moghaddam Asadollah  Lotfi mahmud ghayumzadeh
        Among the topics discussed in the field of responsibility are the intellectual and thought foundations raised in this field. This theory has been proposed by Imamiyyah jurists that if responsibility and commitment are given to different people, how much adherence to bel More
        Among the topics discussed in the field of responsibility are the intellectual and thought foundations raised in this field. This theory has been proposed by Imamiyyah jurists that if responsibility and commitment are given to different people, how much adherence to beliefs is involved in fulfilling commitment and responsibility. delivered They believed that when several factors jointly cause injury or damage, the responsibility for compensation is divided equally among them, regardless of the degree of fault or influence of the parties. However, the degree of involvement of belief and ideological foundations in adherence to duty and responsibility is a matter that has many ambiguities and has created many questions in this field. In the current research, the issue of commitment and responsibility has been addressed from this point of view and it has resulted in important achievements. Manuscript profile