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        1 - The concept of soul in the Mahabharata system
        Hamidreza  Barati Pour Ghorban Elmi Abdolhossein  Latifi Jamshid  Jalal Sheikhjani
        In the historical study of the philosophical ideas of the land of India, we come across common themes that have caused much intellectual debate among the thinkers of that land. These debates have been in such a way that each of the sages and thinkers of that land have d More
        In the historical study of the philosophical ideas of the land of India, we come across common themes that have caused much intellectual debate among the thinkers of that land. These debates have been in such a way that each of the sages and thinkers of that land have dealt with it according to their views and have expressed their opinions and reasons for that position. One of these challenging topics is the issue of soul or its fate. It is after separation from the body that has long been considered by them. All the historical traditions of India have accepted the basic hypothesis that there is a moving and vital aspect of man that distinguishes life from death and shows it in the form of a worm cycle in most schools, as in the schools of" Samkhaya" and" Vedanta", where, one is "the duality of denial of thought" (Porsche and Percret), and the other is "the unity of existence" (Atman and Brahman). This is also reflected in the Mahabharata system. In this article, we try to examine the concept of soul first in general in the religious literature of Hinduism and then specifically in the book of Mahabharata and answer the following questions: "What is the meaning and nature of the soul in Mahabharata?", and, "what is it's end?" For this purpose, we will analyze the concept of the soul in this book in an analytical way. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The place of fire and its related rituals in Iran with a look at its post-Islamic developments
        رقیه   محمدزاده عبد الحسین  لطیفی Musa Reza  Bakhshi
        Throughout history, fire has been one of the effective and fundamental factors in the life of the people of ancient Iran and one of the sacred elements in the religion of Mazdisna. Fire was sacred before the advent of Zarathustra and from the very beginning among the Ir More
        Throughout history, fire has been one of the effective and fundamental factors in the life of the people of ancient Iran and one of the sacred elements in the religion of Mazdisna. Fire was sacred before the advent of Zarathustra and from the very beginning among the Iranians and was worshiped as one of the prominent gods and after the advent of Zarathustra, it was kept in the fire temple with a special ritual. What this article seeks to analyze is the developments that the fire has gone through after the arrival of Islam in Iran and the gradual conversion of more Iranians to Islam in terms of status and function. Therefore, this research has dealt with this issue through analytical method and library method. Findings show that fire still has an important place in post-Islamic Iran and in Iranian religions in various forms and types, including swearing fire in the claims of some tribes as well as in rituals related to marriage and Mourning has also continued. Manuscript profile