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Open Access Article

1 - Fakhr al-Din al-Razi on the Role of Satan in Occurrence of Moral Evil
Akram Salehi رضا اکبری

According to al-Razi, Satan contributes to the occurrence of moral evil by appealing to temptation (which is reified as void promises, magic, embellishment, etc.). He contends that at times, Satan represents himself as a human being, and at others communicates directly More

According to al-Razi, Satan contributes to the occurrence of moral evil by appealing to temptation (which is reified as void promises, magic, embellishment, etc.). He contends that at times, Satan represents himself as a human being, and at others communicates directly with intrinsic forces (especially estimation and imagination) and inspires satanic thoughts to individuals by temptation. Satanic thoughts result in individuals' heedlessness and by causing epistemic inversion, deviates the will from the right path. He believes that acquiescence in the Satanic thoughts results from damage to reason, poorness of memory, the appeal to lust and wrath forces, etc. and the appeal to God, wisdom, worship, angels’ help, etc. prevents people from acquiescence in such thoughts. In this article, we aim at finding a new solution to the contemporary problem of evil through the works of al-Razi. We have used the hermeneutical method for extraction of al-Razi’s ideas and the analytical method for the reconstruction of his solution to the problem of evil. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Pathology of Demand and Spiritual Desire in Khorasani Style Poetry
Nazi Sang Sefidi Ebrahim Estagi Ali Eshghi Sardehi

The literary works can be classified into four categories: epic, educational, dramatic and lyrics. The demand and the desire that manifests in poetry from the beginning of Persian poetry to the contemporary period in various forms, is one of the subcategories of lyrical More

The literary works can be classified into four categories: epic, educational, dramatic and lyrics. The demand and the desire that manifests in poetry from the beginning of Persian poetry to the contemporary period in various forms, is one of the subcategories of lyrical literature . Demand and desire in poetry is classified into two general categories: 1) material, 2) immaterial (spiritual). This a descriptive-analytical paper aiming at pathology of the concept of spiritual demand and desire in the poetry of the most prominent poets of Khorasani style. Spiritual demand and desire in this course can be classified into two parts with transcendental goals (such as prayer) or for personal purposes (such as position). Prayer is the main purpose of the transcendent demand and desire, which has a special place in Khorasani style poetry and there are fewer works in which the poet and the writer did not praise and describe God and have not expressed their prayers. In general, spiritual demand and desire in the works of poets of this period include prayer, the demand and desire of beloved joining, the demand and desire for position, the demand and desire for morals, the demand and desire for other spiritual matters. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A critical Survey of Mark Maller’s View of Animal Suffering
Sayed Mahmoud Musawi Mohammad Molaye

Animal pain and suffering in the domain of nature are undeniable facts, which give rise to the problem of incompatibility of such facts with divine attributes of omniscience, omnipotence and absolute benevolence of God in Abrahamic faiths. Theologians have endeavored to More

Animal pain and suffering in the domain of nature are undeniable facts, which give rise to the problem of incompatibility of such facts with divine attributes of omniscience, omnipotence and absolute benevolence of God in Abrahamic faiths. Theologians have endeavored to meet this challenge by both explaining the compatibility and persevering their traditional faith in divine attributes. Mark Maller, however, attempted to solve the problem by reinterpretation of divine attributes and abandoning the orthodox beliefs. The problem with Maller and his like Christian theologians was to rely on nonreligious presumptions rather than on theistic foundations in finding a solution for the problem. The critique of their stance is that one cannot formulate a logical consistent argument by adopting some premises from religious fources and other premises from nonreligious ones. It seems that a holistic view and looking into scriptural thrives can provide a better and more coherent solution for animal suffering. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Satan's suspicious (From the point of view of theology)
masoumeh saeid

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.37.6.8

One of the questions raised in the field of belief and based on some theological differences is why God created Satan and gave him a long life to mislead all human beings until the Day of Judgment and if there was no world without evil It was better. This suspicion has More

One of the questions raised in the field of belief and based on some theological differences is why God created Satan and gave him a long life to mislead all human beings until the Day of Judgment and if there was no world without evil It was better. This suspicion has been raised by the devil himself in a hypothetical debate with angels. We examine it with a descriptive-analytical approach. The answer to this question is to speak of Satan's existence and its existential benefits to man and the material world and the benefits of evil and hardship in life. Also, the reason for giving the devil time off may be to the devil himself and increase his sins Or the reason for this is the emergence of more divine power for all human beings over time and the promotion of human status in the shadow of divine will and test. And what is certain is that all of this can be put together and does not contradict each other. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Tawhid in the view points of Salafi Jihadi and studying it's consequences
abbasali farzandi

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.37.9.1

Although the Tawhid is the common belief among all the denominations and Islamic movements but Jihadi interpretation that is one of the active movements in the Islamic world, suggested especial interpretation from Tawhid and showed a different face of Islam. The ideolog More

Although the Tawhid is the common belief among all the denominations and Islamic movements but Jihadi interpretation that is one of the active movements in the Islamic world, suggested especial interpretation from Tawhid and showed a different face of Islam. The ideology of Tawhid centered of this group is changing the unity and coexistence between Islamic society. This research by using the explanatory and analetical methods will study the definition of the Salafi leaders from the notion of Tawhid and evaluate it's consequences and results. The results of this research will show that Takfiri ideology of this group will start war and unsafety in the Islamic world and as a result in the world. It's security consequences will be enternal and external. The enternal consequences of Salafi Jihadi understanding of Tawhid are expansion of meaning and example of Shirk, Pure activitism and extremism, not following the rules of war and dictatorial faith. The external consequences are preaching suiciding, considering believers and disbelievers equal and not building Islamic civilization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Analysis of Imam Sadegh's (as) Quranic Martyrdom in Explaining the Shari'a Rulings
Seyedeh Fatemeh Hosseini Mirsafi

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.43.3.0

Jurisprudence in terminology is the inference and extraction of sub-Shari'a rulings from their detailed arguments. The Holy Quran as the first reason and source for understanding the rules of Sharia, jurisprudence and law as well as personal and social relations and the More

Jurisprudence in terminology is the inference and extraction of sub-Shari'a rulings from their detailed arguments. The Holy Quran as the first reason and source for understanding the rules of Sharia, jurisprudence and law as well as personal and social relations and the greatest support for the Messenger of God (PBUH) and the Ahl al-Bayt of infallibility and purity(AS), in proving the sub-rules of Islam. Knowledge of the Qur'anic testimonies of the Ahl al-Bayt(AS) as one of the most important arguments in jurisprudence is important in extracting and inferring the sub-religious rules. In this article, the author aims to answer the question "What are the Qur'anic testimonies of Imam Sadegh(AS) in deriving sub-religious rules?" By contemplating the concept of jurisprudence and its evidences, religious rules, Quranic verses as well as narrations received from Imam Sadegh(AS), he has studied this issue. Since achieving the Shari'a and jurisprudential rules is the prelude to practicing them and ensuring the happiness of this world and the hereafter, familiarity with the method of martyrdom and arguments of the Imams to the verses of the Qur'an is essential in proving the rules of Islam. Therefore, in this article, entitled "Analysis of the Quranic testimonies of Imam Sadegh(as) in explaining the Shari'ah rules", while giving a brief introduction about jurisprudence and its detailed arguments in deriving the Shari'a rules, by mentioning the narrations received from Imam Sadegh(AS) The martyrdom and argument of this Imam should be stated in proving the sub-rules of Islam. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Conduct and Sharia
رضا رمضانی گیلانی

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.44.11.0

This research has been done with the aim of examining and analyzing Alvin Plantinga's perspective in the field of science and religion and resolving the alleged conflict between them by the method of library research and descriptive and content analysis. The importance More

This research has been done with the aim of examining and analyzing Alvin Plantinga's perspective in the field of science and religion and resolving the alleged conflict between them by the method of library research and descriptive and content analysis. The importance of the relationship between science and religion has led to the entry of many scientists in this field, including "Alvin Carl Plantinga". Research findings show that the most important claims in the conflict between science and religion in the field of human creation, life Earth and Darwin's theory of evolution happened. According to Plantinga, these conflicts are not real and are a level that does not show a contradiction between them with a deeper look. This kind of thinking is also seen in some Muslim thinkers. Plantinga does not provide evidence from the Bible to resolve conflict, and his focus is on faith, believers, and theism. In some cases, his views on conflict resolution are inconsistent with Islamic texts, while he claims conflict resolution in all religions. Plantinga's view is also inconsistent with external realities. As a result, he has not offered a new and different way of resolving the conflict between science and religion than other thinkers in this field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - A look at the copy and content of the book "Tafrid al-Etemad fi Sharh Tajrid al-A'tiqad"
baratali hatami Mahdi Najafi Afra Maghsoud Mohammadi

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.48.2.6

TAJRID-ALEATEGHAD " is one of the most famous theological books in the Islamic world, which due to its importance and position, many commentaries have been written by Shiite and Sunni scholars The commentary of "Abu al-'Ala Esfarayeni" on this book, entitled "Tafrid al More

TAJRID-ALEATEGHAD " is one of the most famous theological books in the Islamic world, which due to its importance and position, many commentaries have been written by Shiite and Sunni scholars The commentary of "Abu al-'Ala Esfarayeni" on this book, entitled "Tafrid al-Etemad fi Sharh Tajrid al-A'tiqad", has remained linear until now despite its historical background. Considering the method of description of this book, which makes it unique in its kind, we decided to show its historical importance and introduce and compare the existing versions, to express how to describe and show the mastery and effort of the commentator Let's deal with the author's thoughts and theories and show the scientific status and importance of this book to thinkers and researchers in the field of Islamic theology and philosophy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A reflection on the rule of inherent beauty and ugliness
Mohammad Hassan Ghadrdan Qaramaleki

20.1001.1.98991735.1402.13.50.8.3

The principle of intrinsic and rational beauty and ugliness is considered one of the key theological rules in the two fields of "ontology" and "epistemology". However, the exact explanation of these two rules in both the above fields has been met with ambiguities by the More

The principle of intrinsic and rational beauty and ugliness is considered one of the key theological rules in the two fields of "ontology" and "epistemology". However, the exact explanation of these two rules in both the above fields has been met with ambiguities by theologians and philosophers. In this article, the author, using a rational method and analyzing seven theories of the principle of inherent beauty and ugliness, while evaluating the first six theories, presented a new explanation and interpretation of the theory of inherent beauty and ugliness and called it "formative and expedient beauty and ugliness and the involvement of interests." In the abstraction of beauty and ugliness" he delivered and proved it. Also, at the end of the article, the question of the conflict between the theory of theologians and philosophers is examined and criticized, and the conclusion is that the famous readings of Imami theologians and philosophers are aligned. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Investigation of Shia hadith developments in the field of hadith explanation and hadith jurisprudence in the eleventh century of Hijri Relying on the explanations of Mulla Sadra and Mulla Saleh Mazandarani, Barkatab Usul Kafi
Azam Khodamipour ghsem faez seyed mohammad razavi

With the formation of the Safavid dynasty and the formalization of the Shia religion, followed by the request of scholars to publish knowledge, a suitable platform was formed in the 11th century. More than eighty percent of the explanations of the Arbaa books were writt More

With the formation of the Safavid dynasty and the formalization of the Shia religion, followed by the request of scholars to publish knowledge, a suitable platform was formed in the 11th century. More than eighty percent of the explanations of the Arbaa books were written in this time, in terms of quantity and quality, among which the principles of Sufi have been given more attention than other books. Count the hadith. His careful look at the religious narrations caused him to change the purely narrating and devotional view of the texts. According to Allameh Shearani, this description has left a deep impact on the interpretations and has transformed them. Mullah Saleh Mazandarani also wrote a commentary on the sufficient principles after Mullah Sadra. This analytical, descriptive and applied article by Baroosh examines the effective platforms in the writing of hadith works in the eleventh century in order to reveal by analyzing the methods of hadith jurisprudence in the commentaries of Mulla Sadra and Mulla Saleh that the hadith activities of this period were not only quantitative in terms of quantity but also rich in terms of quality. The use of the rules of logic and philosophical and rational discussions, the approach of interpretation and translation, paying attention to conveying the meaning and resolving the conflict of narrations are some of the prominent features of this explanation. Manuscript profile

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