مذهب

Open Access Article

1 - Criticism and response to the hypocrisy of the doctor who is killing the infallibles based on the views of the Shia theologians
Mahdi MohammadZadeh BaniTarafi

The research on Imams and Shiite jurisprudence has long advocated Sunnis, as the Mu'tazilite theologian, Judge Abdul Jabbar, has criticized the Imam's votes in his books, including al-Moghuni. From the same time, the Shi'a welcomed the texts, while respecting the writer More

The research on Imams and Shiite jurisprudence has long advocated Sunnis, as the Mu'tazilite theologian, Judge Abdul Jabbar, has criticized the Imam's votes in his books, including al-Moghuni. From the same time, the Shi'a welcomed the texts, while respecting the writer, to criticize them; it has been written or written. As Seyyed Mortazi, in his works, has answered these doubts. In the present era, which has been accepted as the main religion of religion and religion in Islamic countries, these religious debates have replaced their common points in the principles of the doctrines and emphasized them. In Saudi Arabia, the Wahhabi intellectual movements, which do not believe in the approximation of religions, with the strong support of sovereignty, bring the most cowardly accusations to the Shi'a religion, and raise doubts that it is based on the odor and color of the verse. The Book of the Principles of Religion, Al-Shi'a al-Amamiya, Asheni Shirhiya, the doctoral dissertation of Naser al-Bakari of the Saudi Wahhabi scholars, as well as the book's name, explores Shiite intellectual, cultural, and religious foundations. The author, according to the doubt raised in "Ismat" in this book, has tried to answer the doubts of two Shiite religious theologians, Seyyed Mortazi and Jorjani. Considering that Jorjani's votes have not been mentioned in the Book of Khorai, and it seems that he was unaware of his existence, this article is the first paper based on the opinions expressed on Shiite beliefs in ancient Persian books as the basis of the answer. It seems to me that the Wahhabi scholars have raised doubts about Arabic books. In this article, in addition to the votes of these two great Shiites, the votes of other Shia jurisprudents and theologians are also mentioned. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Examining the Role of Religious Beliefs in Protecting the Rights of Women Focused on Family Protection Law
Nafiseh Nekouie Mehr Atefeh Hosseini Far

Although Islam strongly opposes discrimination against women, but does not advocate for their absolute equality. The nature has created men and women as complementary beings in life and in society. Therefore, contrary to Western civilization, Islam has given women and m More

Although Islam strongly opposes discrimination against women, but does not advocate for their absolute equality. The nature has created men and women as complementary beings in life and in society. Therefore, contrary to Western civilization, Islam has given women and men natural rights not the same rights. However, Islam does not oppose the equality between women and men but it opposes the similarity of their rights. The constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has set a high status for women, and in this connection the government is obliged to observe women's rights in all respects according to Islamic standards and guarantee the full rights of all persons, including men and women, and equality of the law of the Supreme Court has been emphasized. In accordance with the Islamic rules governing the country, the current paper examines the new law on the protection of the family adopted in 2013, for the protection of women's rights, as well as three important issues that directly address the challenges of women's rights. The main question of the current paper is whether this law has taken a more effective step towards the stability of the family, rather than the previous law, and has been responding to the question and has also examined the compliance of this law with the Iranian religious beliefs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Structuralism and roots of terrorism in Pakistan
mahdi imani keyhan bazegar

Terrorism is one of the main and interconnected issues in the area of national security and transnationality in today's modern world. This modern manifestation has become a strategic issue for communicating with new technologies and has become one of the actors in the w More

Terrorism is one of the main and interconnected issues in the area of national security and transnationality in today's modern world. This modern manifestation has become a strategic issue for communicating with new technologies and has become one of the actors in the world's security arena by giving the attention of small individuals and groups. In the past two decades, with the development of the phenomenon of terrorism, the human community has been threatened. By reviewing news and daily news releases, one can find that one of the main terrorist attacks in Pakistan. Given the complex structure of the situation and the presence of terrorism in Pakistan, this category seeks to examine the roots of terrorism in Pakistan in terms of constructivism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - A Look at the Relations of the Imamite Shiites‎ in the Seljuk Era
nesa bagheri

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.39.4.0

The findings of the study indicate that Imamite Shiites, who enjoyed relative comfort and government authority during the reign of The Buyid dynasty, experienced a hard time following the Sunni Seljuks' invasion of Baghdad and the overthrow of The Buyid dynasty. The Sel More

The findings of the study indicate that Imamite Shiites, who enjoyed relative comfort and government authority during the reign of The Buyid dynasty, experienced a hard time following the Sunni Seljuks' invasion of Baghdad and the overthrow of The Buyid dynasty. The Seljuks expelled them from office; their religious leader, Sheikh Tusi, was forced to leave Baghdad and was attacked by the Sunnis after the suppression of the Shiite rebellion in the city of Karkh. But the circumstances did. The present study discusses not last the Shiites gradually regained their positions of power. The current paper discusses the interaction between the Shiites‎ and the caliphate, the knowledge of scientific and cultural activities and developments, and how Shiites were involved in important government affairs in the Seljuk era taking into account the presence of Shiite rulers and ministers in Iran. The time span of the current paper dates back to approximately the beginning of the fifth century (485-430 AH), the period of Seljuk rule in Iran. This is a descriptive-analytical study using documentary and library sources to investigate the relationships and interactions of Imamite Shiites in Iran under Seljuk reign Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Structural changes and doctrinal evolution of Shiism in the Safavid period
toraj kadimi moneri kazemi rashd Masoumeh Qara Daghi manegei sadri

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.42.10.5

The Safavids formed a centralized government in Iran after the Fitr period, and by strengthening the national identity of the Iranians and using the element of religious identity, they made fundamental changes in the structure of government and society. The formalizatio More

The Safavids formed a centralized government in Iran after the Fitr period, and by strengthening the national identity of the Iranians and using the element of religious identity, they made fundamental changes in the structure of government and society. The formalization of the Imami Shiite religion was the most important action of the Safavid government at the beginning of its work, which led to a fundamental change in the values and norms of Iranian society. Due to the historical nature of the subject, this research has been done using a descriptive and analytical method. Shiite religion was one of the important elements in the unity of Iranians in the Safavid period that formed the intellectual structure of the Safavids. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Investigating the Impact of Religion on Income Inequality
Mostafa Heidari Haratemeh

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.46.5.5

The present study aims to investigate the effect of the role of religion on income inequality. For this purpose, a simple economic-political model was considered and following the study of Azzi and Ehernberg (1975), the basic structure of Meltzer-Richard was completed b More

The present study aims to investigate the effect of the role of religion on income inequality. For this purpose, a simple economic-political model was considered and following the study of Azzi and Ehernberg (1975), the basic structure of Meltzer-Richard was completed by modeling religion as the intensity of satisfaction from charitable donations for public goods. It was developed in which the more religious people are, the greater the satisfaction they receive from voluntary donation. Thus, the political process has led to a reduction in the size of government in more religious countries, meaning lower levels of spending on public goods and redistribution, and tax-based redistributions have shaped income distribution, which means more income inequality in more religious countries. The " belief in an after- life " index was considered a measure of religiosity and the Gini coefficient was considered a measure of income inequality. Finally,the GMM, FMIL and (2ls) IV econometric models have been used to estimate the patterns over a period of 15 years (2005 - 2019). The results showed: a ) There is a positive correlation between religiosity, being and income inequality. b ) The coefficient of variable belief in an after- life in all regression models with the presence and absence of control variable is positive and significant. This means that countries with higher levels of belief in the afterlife have more inequality. c ) The coefficient of variable GDP per capita is negative and significant in all patterns and shows that countries with higher per capita incomes tend to distribute income more evenly. Perhaps the inherent priority of religion, smaller government, and lower welfare spending in more religious countries is only a reflection of the broader perspective of research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Religion version from the Baha'i point of view, investigating and criticizing the point of view with emphasis on the fifth verse of Surah As-Sajdah
ali khalaji ali ghanbari amir khalili

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.47.5.7

Khatamiyyat is one of the most important and common principles between all Islamic sects, including Shiites and Sunnis, and based on it, all Muslims believe that Muhammad ibn Abdullah (PBUH) is the last prophet and that God sent him as a messenger or prophet to guide hu More

Khatamiyyat is one of the most important and common principles between all Islamic sects, including Shiites and Sunnis, and based on it, all Muslims believe that Muhammad ibn Abdullah (PBUH) is the last prophet and that God sent him as a messenger or prophet to guide human beings and religion. The misinterpretation of the meaning of the word "Ya'ruju" in the fifth verse of Surah As-Sajdah, which is considered to mean "removal and abrogation of the religion", has raised the question of what is the basis for the interpretation of the verse in Baha'i texts? Furthermore, what is it difference with the interpretation of commentators of Islamic sects? The purpose of this article is to critique one of the Baha'i claims. Achieving this goal is possible through the descriptive-analytical method as well as collecting information through the library research method. After a precise Literal and idiological analysis of abrogation, the Baha'i claim about the abrogation of religion is dealt with. The interpretation that "Ya'ruju" means abrogation and abrogation means cancellation is a contemplative and incorrect interpretation, and its interpreters seem to have confused the literal meaning of abrogation with its idiomatic meaning, which results in the abrogation of the original and the essence of the previous religions and decree on the invalidity of their laws; while Islamic commentators are not bound to follow this result. Manuscript profile

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