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Open Access Article

1 - Genealogy of Tafkik school in Ghazali attitude

the fundamental issue that This study investigated is to explain the relationship between reason and revelation or reason and religion as the two sources of epistemology and ontological reference in two different intellectual school. One of these intellectual schools i More

the fundamental issue that This study investigated is to explain the relationship between reason and revelation or reason and religion as the two sources of epistemology and ontological reference in two different intellectual school. One of these intellectual schools is the thought of Imam Muhammad al-Ghazali in the fifth century AD, and another one is the irrationalism approaches in Iran-Islamic thinking in the fifteenth century AD. This trend is well-known as Tafkik school. The aim of this study is to explain and analyze the never-ending conflict between intellectual knowledge and religious knowledge in these two schools by using comparative method to achieve proves for its assumptions. The findings reveal that, at first, verbal conflict along with theological approaches, historically, have not formed in the vacuum and in the world of abstraction, but also influenced by the intellectual and non-intellectual trends, political conflicts and sometimes even personal characters and... . Second, this thoughts and opinions was not restricted within the intellectual and theoretical field, and had desirable and undesirable effects, the consequences of these effects cause unfruitful conflicts, settlement or remove of this conflict are far from the obligation and ability of theologians and religious scholars. For example, in this paper we show that, perhaps, irrationality of Ghazali or reason out of followers of Tafkik school provided ground for the emergence of hard ritual that well-known as Salafism in Islamic history Manuscript profile

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2 - Study Of Theoretical Philosophy Of History In Nahj Al-Balagha; Case Study Determinism And Authority
سید مهدی حسینی شیروانی Mohammad

Determinism And Free Will Of The Most Important And Oldest Theoretical Philosophy Of History. The Importance And Sensitivity Of This Issue From The Religious And Theological Issues Because That Is The Will, Ability, Power, Science Servants Of God Verbs, Especially Verbs More

Determinism And Free Will Of The Most Important And Oldest Theoretical Philosophy Of History. The Importance And Sensitivity Of This Issue From The Religious And Theological Issues Because That Is The Will, Ability, Power, Science Servants Of God Verbs, Especially Verbs And Destiny And The Will Of The People And Will Closely Tied. The Question That Arises Here Is Whether The Views Of Imam Ali (As) In Nahj Al-Human Beings Or Force And Whether This Autonomy Is In Contradiction With God's Will? Accordingly, The Findings Indicate That Imam Ali (As) In Nahj Al-Balagha Does Not Believe In Coincidence And Historical Determinism And Believed In The Cause And Effect Of Events And Historical Events. So That Human Philosophical Insight Of Imam Ali (As) A Victim Helplessly Against The God Of History, But Their Own History And Its Manufacturer And Can Be Across The Divine Decree, Lead To Welfare. Imam (AS) And The Traditions Of The Human Will To The Will Of God And Not The Dominant Force On The Date. Accordingly, Autonomous Being, Is One Of The Most Important Features Of The Nahj Al-Balagha. The Research Method In Collecting Library - Documentation And Analytical Judgment Is In Place Manuscript profile

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3 - Studdying theological’s theory about the vision of Allah

The issue of visitation of God in views of theology and exegesis of Shia, Motazele and Ashaere are conflicting in two points with each other. Shiite and Motazele believe to refuse of vision and their belief is based on rational and textual. Ashaere believe to ability to More

The issue of visitation of God in views of theology and exegesis of Shia, Motazele and Ashaere are conflicting in two points with each other. Shiite and Motazele believe to refuse of vision and their belief is based on rational and textual. Ashaere believe to ability to meet God in this world and the occurrence of certain of it in hereafter and it is the result of the appearance of the verses and repeated texts and predecessor opinion. To be sure, this long-standing dispute is result of foundations and defaults that organize the hidden levels of the confrontation and its results. The importance of discussing from the topic "visitation of God" is checking and evaluation in the same principles and presuppositions of theology and interpretation. There are antithetical opinions in this topic and by this, could found about foundations of Islamic sects more than other topics and criticized them. Otherwise if ignore of the concerns of understanding and comparative criticism of principles and its reasons , the arguments about the visitation issue will be unfruitful and confirmed on the words of Seyyed Qotb: "Talk about the truth of God's vision is unfruitful and long-time discussion that Motazele and their opponents have overtaken from Sunni commentators and theologians. Because, they looked at this issue by land criteria and the worldly limited documents with the finite wistom. It should be noted that observed with the eye is the light rays that cover the visible object in front of the eye. So the image of the object role closed in mind and this view on the right of God is impossible; Because this requires is visible incarnation that limited and directed and all of these is impossible about the Lord and is rejected by the wisdom decree and affirmation of the Quran Manuscript profile

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4 - Position of people’s social political participation in respect with religious, with relying on Quran’s verses and Naj al-Balagha

Political participation and the rule of majority (democracy) is one of the new models and the achievements of modern civilization for the administration and management of the community. The complexity of managing society and the demands of the people and deployment of t More

Political participation and the rule of majority (democracy) is one of the new models and the achievements of modern civilization for the administration and management of the community. The complexity of managing society and the demands of the people and deployment of this extended model in advanced societies, remind our tasks in further understanding of this general right from the religious point of view. Interestingly, this pattern in a unique and at the same time sublime and brilliant form, 1,400 years ago in the reign of Imam Ali has been implemented. In this paper, the importance and amount of political participation in their own social destiny according to the Quran and Nahj al-Balagha and interpretation and analysis of some Islamic scholars has been examined Manuscript profile

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5 - A comparison of the philosophical views of Omar Khayyam and Abul Ala Al-Ma'rri

The summary of the article that you will read in these pages entitled: "philosophical views of Abul Ala Al-Ma'rri and Omar Khayyam" contains a comparison between these two great poets of Arab and Persia lands and it's among comparative literature research which has alwa More

The summary of the article that you will read in these pages entitled: "philosophical views of Abul Ala Al-Ma'rri and Omar Khayyam" contains a comparison between these two great poets of Arab and Persia lands and it's among comparative literature research which has always been of great interest to researchers of Arab and Persia literature world. Many articles have been written so far on the influence of Abul Ala Al-Ma'rri on Khayyam, because every researcher who studies on the life and works of these two great poets would undoubtedly find a close similarity between them, as in most cases, Khayyam's ghost appears in front of them by studying Abul Ala Al's words. Because these two poets with the same philosophical viewpoints were often unanimous, concordant and agreed. Although, they occasionally fell apart. Before entering the world of philosophy of these two poets, what should be considered in this comparison are the political, social, economic and intellectual conditions of the two poets' time which played an important role in the formation of their personality. As far as, it can be stated that all the ideas and thoughts of the two poets were rooted in their time's circumstances Manuscript profile

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6 - Comparative study of austerity and self-perfection in Islam with Indian religions and Buddhism
omid sadeghpour Reza Shabani sina forozesh

One of the common Phenomena of grand religions in world is their recommendation and instruction about ascetic conduct and self edification. One of the sensible characteristics of Hindu doctrines and Buddhism ethic is ascesis and universe humiliation and abstinence of More

One of the common Phenomena of grand religions in world is their recommendation and instruction about ascetic conduct and self edification. One of the sensible characteristics of Hindu doctrines and Buddhism ethic is ascesis and universe humiliation and abstinence of secular pleasures. On the other hand, there are some recommendations about self edification to muslims in Nahj Al-Balagheh”s trainings and courses.this article proceeds the comparative studying of ascesis and self edification in nahj Al-Balagheh with philosophic doctrines in india and Buddhism ethic in an analytical and descriptive method.The results of this research show that like the Nahj Al-Balagheh ”s courses, no -theist religions and Buddhism ethic have suggest some doctrines for human cultivation and edification in individual and social life. Moreover, there are some similarities among their courses, specially Buddhism- ethic which suggests a middle way between the universe efficiency and its abandonment for human tranguility. This ethic also talks about action atonement, but due to the variation in seeing world,motivation and spirit goveming the actions in these two doctrines, thay are different from each other. Manuscript profile

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7 - Criticism in the liberation theology of Iqbal Lahori
Azizollah Salari

Allama Mohammad Iqbal Lahouri (1877-1938) is one of the great philosophers, poets and revivals of the Islamic world, who, with enlightened poetry, as well as his speeches and writings, developed a philosophical and military philosophical plan called "Self Wisdom." With More

Allama Mohammad Iqbal Lahouri (1877-1938) is one of the great philosophers, poets and revivals of the Islamic world, who, with enlightened poetry, as well as his speeches and writings, developed a philosophical and military philosophical plan called "Self Wisdom." With the rejection of the wisdoms of the untapped modern West, he is looking for a realist, profound, visionary, and Qur'anic who is a mixture of Goddess, nature, love, mysticism, wisdom, self-consciousness, epic, neglect, selflessness, thirst, oppression, creativity ... . Is . A view that is collectively a liberation theology They form him. With the understanding and precise understanding of the Qur'an and the Sunnah, and with the example of the Mujahideen Orientalist philosopher, Seyyed Jamal al-Din al-Assadabadi, he forswear the divine predestination - which has long been a pretext for stagnation and reconciliation and retrogression - from abstract and Ash'arist interpretations And practically brought a Shi'ite commentary from the school of the Ahlul-Bayt (AS), which is in accordance with the choices of liberty and decisiveness. Thus, the Eastern spirit was blown away by the idolatry, so that the bondage of colonial powers would go away, and to unity, authority and creativity. And the dynamism, design and realization of the aspirations Manuscript profile

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8 - Validity of the Qur'anic Document and Validity from the Viewpoint of the Separation School (Emphasizing on Mehdi Esfahani's views)

The Qur'an is the first and foremost source in the interpretation of the teachings of Islam, the validity of which is accepted by the majority of Muslim thinkers, but historically some - whether Sunnis or Shiites like the Qur'an and the Akhbaris - in either or Both have More

The Qur'an is the first and foremost source in the interpretation of the teachings of Islam, the validity of which is accepted by the majority of Muslim thinkers, but historically some - whether Sunnis or Shiites like the Qur'an and the Akhbaris - in either or Both have been in doubt or denied. The school of separation led by Mirza Mehdi Esfahani has had a particular interest in the source of traditions, but has a different position on the validity of the Qur'an as the epistemic source of religion. This article will show that the separatist schools, especially their first spectrum, either questioned or denied the validity or validity of the Qur'anic scripture, or they needed it. The first part of the article explains the position of some of the schools of distinction regarding the damage to the validity of the Qur'anic document by proposing a theory of distortion and its criticism. The second part of the article is devoted to examining and criticizing their position on undermining the validity of the Qur'anic verses by focusing on such arguments as: the division of human science into divine and human, the divisive aspect of the Qur'anic traditions, the separation of texts from appearance. Manuscript profile

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9 - Tawhid in the view points of Salafi Jihadi and studying it's consequences
abbasali farzandi

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.37.9.1

Although the Tawhid is the common belief among all the denominations and Islamic movements but Jihadi interpretation that is one of the active movements in the Islamic world, suggested especial interpretation from Tawhid and showed a different face of Islam. The ideolog More

Although the Tawhid is the common belief among all the denominations and Islamic movements but Jihadi interpretation that is one of the active movements in the Islamic world, suggested especial interpretation from Tawhid and showed a different face of Islam. The ideology of Tawhid centered of this group is changing the unity and coexistence between Islamic society. This research by using the explanatory and analetical methods will study the definition of the Salafi leaders from the notion of Tawhid and evaluate it's consequences and results. The results of this research will show that Takfiri ideology of this group will start war and unsafety in the Islamic world and as a result in the world. It's security consequences will be enternal and external. The enternal consequences of Salafi Jihadi understanding of Tawhid are expansion of meaning and example of Shirk, Pure activitism and extremism, not following the rules of war and dictatorial faith. The external consequences are preaching suiciding, considering believers and disbelievers equal and not building Islamic civilization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Virtue ethics from the point of view of Imam Ali in Nahj al-Balaghah
Maryam Khatami

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.40.4.2

In contemporary times, one of the major branches in ethics and philosophy of ethics is “virtue ethics". In general, the ethical question is: “What is good?” So far, three fundamental answers have been given to this question that in the three schools of Consequentialism More

In contemporary times, one of the major branches in ethics and philosophy of ethics is “virtue ethics". In general, the ethical question is: “What is good?” So far, three fundamental answers have been given to this question that in the three schools of Consequentialism, Deontologism, and ethics of virtue is classified. Of these three, Virtue ethics in the contemporary era has attracted the attention of Islamic and non-Islamic scholars and thinkers. This study attempts to examine how this type of ethics is reflected in the teachings of Imam Ali Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that the ethics of virtue is the dominant theory in viewpoints of Imam Ali and mystics. For example, where Imam Ali in Nahj al-Balaghah, Wisdom 32 says: “A good person is better than a good deed, and a bad person is worse than a bad deed”. In the manifestations of the ethics of virtue in the teachings of Imam Ali, the "justice" as the main virtue is emphasized. This research has been done with interpretive analytical method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Islamic theologians approach to intellect in verbal theories
hormoz asadikohbad

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.42.1.6

Islamic thinkers from the formation of Islam's culture and civilization in the interpretation of Islamic texts and privileged the inference and taking advantage of those scriptures in the typology and principles of ideological use of them in commissioning guidelines and More

Islamic thinkers from the formation of Islam's culture and civilization in the interpretation of Islamic texts and privileged the inference and taking advantage of those scriptures in the typology and principles of ideological use of them in commissioning guidelines and the Muslim procedure (jurisprudence), a variety of views. Therefore, various orientations have emerged and the origin of various theological schools, some of which have been implicated in texts without any interpretations and interpretation, and opposed to any crushing and involvement of the intellect in this field. And another group, for wisdom, the importance of abundance and verses and narratives were interpreted as a result of the emergence of multiple verbal ashaareh, such as Justice, Matoridye, and Lung.... There has been another way of thinking in the realm of Fiqh and the basics of inference and various jurisprudential schools such as, the Companions of the vote, Hadith, and the appearance of the lung.... In the Ahl al-Hadith and the principles of the principled manner in Shiite Shia, this research is achieved by descriptive analysis and by adapting various thinkers of these schools to the conclusion that although all the Islamism and the custody have common goals, but their approach to wisdom in the face of texts has caused the multiplicity of methods and attitudes, in the field of and practical. Manuscript profile

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12 - developments of proof of the truthful (Burhān-i ṣiddīqīn) in Ashʿarite philosophical theology
Hamid Ataei Nazari

Proof of the truthful (Burhān-i ṣiddīqīn) is among the most famous and valid arguments to prove God’s Existence in Islamic philosophy and kalam. However, the history and developments of the proof in Islamic theology have not been the subject of research so far. Likewise More

Proof of the truthful (Burhān-i ṣiddīqīn) is among the most famous and valid arguments to prove God’s Existence in Islamic philosophy and kalam. However, the history and developments of the proof in Islamic theology have not been the subject of research so far. Likewise, the evolution of the proof in Ashʿarite philosophical theology has not been yet explained. In the present article, having discussed and compared different versions of proof of the truthful set forth by late Ashʿarite theologians, it has been shown that proof of the truthful received much attention in Ashʿarite philosophical theology from the twelfth century onwards and was even considered the most important argument to prove God’s Existence. Moreover, certain Ashʿarite theologians, including Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī and ʿAḍud al-Dīn al-Ījī, succeeded to put forward innovative versions of proof of the truthful which made the proof more common and stronger. Manuscript profile

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