اخلاق

Open Access Article

1 - Fakhr al-Din al-Razi on the Role of Satan in Occurrence of Moral Evil
Akram Salehi رضا اکبری

According to al-Razi, Satan contributes to the occurrence of moral evil by appealing to temptation (which is reified as void promises, magic, embellishment, etc.). He contends that at times, Satan represents himself as a human being, and at others communicates directly More

According to al-Razi, Satan contributes to the occurrence of moral evil by appealing to temptation (which is reified as void promises, magic, embellishment, etc.). He contends that at times, Satan represents himself as a human being, and at others communicates directly with intrinsic forces (especially estimation and imagination) and inspires satanic thoughts to individuals by temptation. Satanic thoughts result in individuals' heedlessness and by causing epistemic inversion, deviates the will from the right path. He believes that acquiescence in the Satanic thoughts results from damage to reason, poorness of memory, the appeal to lust and wrath forces, etc. and the appeal to God, wisdom, worship, angels’ help, etc. prevents people from acquiescence in such thoughts. In this article, we aim at finding a new solution to the contemporary problem of evil through the works of al-Razi. We have used the hermeneutical method for extraction of al-Razi’s ideas and the analytical method for the reconstruction of his solution to the problem of evil. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Islamic Economics (Indicators of Economic Morality based on Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah)
Hamed Fath'aliani seyed hamid hoseini

No economic movement and especially jihadist ethics in the religious epistemic system can not be successful unless it is the path, path, and destination of the divine, and based on morality. By looking at the Holy Qur'an, we see the importance of the discussions of econ More

No economic movement and especially jihadist ethics in the religious epistemic system can not be successful unless it is the path, path, and destination of the divine, and based on morality. By looking at the Holy Qur'an, we see the importance of the discussions of economic ethics in the religion of Islam in such a way that the Almighty God made a significant portion of this great and humane book to various macro and sometimes microeconomic debates such as Halal, Haram, Makruh , Mustahab, divestiture, divine test through the world, khums, zakat, buying, selling, renting and even economic operations such as hunting, fishing, places of honor, fishing harbors, farming, diving, shipping, livestock and ... dedicated. In this regard, we first briefly describe the jihad and the economy, then consider the Indicators of the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah for the realization of Islamic economics in a society, and then some of the strategies of economic ethics contained in the Holy Qur'an and Nahj al-Balaghah And also the results and the effects of Islamic economics in this article, although we look at our low income Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The investigation of Nasser Khusrow's interpretationand scholastic theology reviews based on Qur'an Verses in the Poems
Shahrokh Hekmat Abolfazl Nick Ahd

Naser khusrow is a unigue poet; one of the reasons is that he hs among few poets who found his way by searching and exploring- apart from any bias or special attitude – and to prove the veracity of his own way from a logical point of view, especially by resorting to the More

Naser khusrow is a unigue poet; one of the reasons is that he hs among few poets who found his way by searching and exploring- apart from any bias or special attitude – and to prove the veracity of his own way from a logical point of view, especially by resorting to the word of revelation putting most effort in this direction has not deserted any ate mpt.He regards more attention to hermeneutice that finally this hemeneutice referring back to the origin and to the family of infallibility and purity. And by this view that he is also the advertiser agent, all of logical issues for following and getting results.He has enjoyed his Divan (poems collection) all interpretation,s and all Quranic words and word combinations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Virtue ethics from the point of view of Imam Ali in Nahj al-Balaghah
Maryam Khatami

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.40.4.2

In contemporary times, one of the major branches in ethics and philosophy of ethics is “virtue ethics". In general, the ethical question is: “What is good?” So far, three fundamental answers have been given to this question that in the three schools of Consequentialism More

In contemporary times, one of the major branches in ethics and philosophy of ethics is “virtue ethics". In general, the ethical question is: “What is good?” So far, three fundamental answers have been given to this question that in the three schools of Consequentialism, Deontologism, and ethics of virtue is classified. Of these three, Virtue ethics in the contemporary era has attracted the attention of Islamic and non-Islamic scholars and thinkers. This study attempts to examine how this type of ethics is reflected in the teachings of Imam Ali Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that the ethics of virtue is the dominant theory in viewpoints of Imam Ali and mystics. For example, where Imam Ali in Nahj al-Balaghah, Wisdom 32 says: “A good person is better than a good deed, and a bad person is worse than a bad deed”. In the manifestations of the ethics of virtue in the teachings of Imam Ali, the "justice" as the main virtue is emphasized. This research has been done with interpretive analytical method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Measurement of the relationship between religious and moral beliefs
manijeh ameli mohsen javady hamid malekmakan madi farmanyan

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.40.6.4

Many philosophers believe that the history of the relationship between religion and morality is as old as philosophy itself. But since the time of Plato, Socrates' conversation with Othifron has taken on a more serious form. The discussion of the relationship between r More

Many philosophers believe that the history of the relationship between religion and morality is as old as philosophy itself. But since the time of Plato, Socrates' conversation with Othifron has taken on a more serious form. The discussion of the relationship between religion and morality among Muslims has been considered as one of the important theological issues and less attention has been paid to its moral consequences. However, the relationship between religion and morality is imagined in different forms. In this article, three types of "religion contrast with morality", " religion opposition with moral " and "interaction of religion and morality" have been rationally evaluated. In order to explain the dependence of morality on religion, we examine the "semantic", "ontological", "epistemological" and "psychological" dependence of morality on religion among the different types of moral dependence on religion. In fact, the typology of the relationship between religion and ethics and the scientific-research approach leads us to the conclusion that morality is the most real source from which all goodness, interests and happiness come, and that is "religion". Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Master Sobhani and the Ash'arites' views on normative ethics and its limits
Maryam Hatami Hossein Abadi noushin abdi savojiyan Enshaallah Rahmati

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.47.4.6

Ethics discusses the great importance of man and proving the continuity of its principles is one of the branches of the issue of admiration and denunciation. The totality and continuity of the principles of ethics does not change with the change of requirements, habits, More

Ethics discusses the great importance of man and proving the continuity of its principles is one of the branches of the issue of admiration and denunciation. The totality and continuity of the principles of ethics does not change with the change of requirements, habits, imitation. The issues of admiration and denunciation are also practical and fundamental issues of ethics, and the differences between the readings and perceptions of good and evil in ethics have created conflicting views. This article uses descriptive-analytical method and using library sources while considering the theoretical foundations of Ash'arites and Master Sobhani about good and bad and its effectiveness to the schools of normative ethics. Ash'arite epistemology regarding the goodness and ugliness of the Shari'a has had several consequences, such as belief in acquisition and obedience instead of creation and production, Ilam, permission to change and not to do it, permission to do so and not to do it, discrimination between human beings in this world and the hereafter, prophecy And infallibility, sending the messenger and its absence, conquest, divine favor to all or some of the servants, even immorality and infidels.On the other hand, Master Sobhani, by pursuing the theory of moral nature and relying on its inherent goodness and ugliness, begins his moral theory with a discussion of normative ethics and generally seeks a military explanation of the rules and principles governing moral actions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Freedom of will from view of Immanuel Kant and Mulla Sadra
Batoul Yarali Mohsenn Fahim mojtaba jafari

20.1001.1.98991735.1402.13.50.12.7

This essay in the field of philosofy of athics is a comparative research about freedom of will. According to Mullah Sadra, human actions are both voluntary and coercive. In his philosophy, the opposition of causal necessity to free will is one of the most important an More

This essay in the field of philosofy of athics is a comparative research about freedom of will. According to Mullah Sadra, human actions are both voluntary and coercive. In his philosophy, the opposition of causal necessity to free will is one of the most important and ambiguous issues. He proves the freedom of will through practical reason .He accepts a middle way in this case and calls his theory a theory of who are firmly grounded in knowledge. From this point of view, human actions are attributed to themselves on the one hand, and on the other hand, according to monotheism, actions are attributed to God. From Kant's point of view that free will is one of the fundamental foundations of his athics philosophy. He considers the desire for freedom to be inherent in human beings and man, as a rational being, has free will. According to Kant, the human will is a dependent will, but the will of God is a completely independent will. He considers theoretical reason incapable of proving the free will of man, but presupposes it in practical reason. Manuscript profile

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