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Open Access Article

1 - Discourse-Quran Based Reasons of the Polarity of Trinity and Monotheism
Ahmad Mohammad

This paper clarifies that: on the one hand ,the holg book Quran confirms Gospel and it also ratifies the Jesus Christ,s phrophesy , his divine invitation and his being created.The divine teachings of the Christ in the Gospel carrespond with Qoran. On the other hand,i More

This paper clarifies that: on the one hand ,the holg book Quran confirms Gospel and it also ratifies the Jesus Christ,s phrophesy , his divine invitation and his being created.The divine teachings of the Christ in the Gospel carrespond with Qoran. On the other hand,it negates the matter of Trinity and the distortion of monotheism (believing in One God) done by Christians during the process of time . From the discourse point of riew ,in some verses as they deal with mono theism and christranity ( Knowing of Hi jesus Christ) ,it explicitly and critically falsifies believing in Trinity and God,s bringing children and that the jesus Christ is the son of God with presenting ten rational and traditional reasons . Quran also proves that this belicf is nothing but blasphemy and various Gods. Manuscript profile

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2 - Comparatively Surveys the Issue of "Determinism" and "Free Will" among Abraham Religions

This article comparatively surveys the issue of "determinism" and "free will" among holy religions. According to the heavenly religions, we want to distinguish the stand of free will in human being; moreover, whether Allah has created him in determinism or thoroughly gi More

This article comparatively surveys the issue of "determinism" and "free will" among holy religions. According to the heavenly religions, we want to distinguish the stand of free will in human being; moreover, whether Allah has created him in determinism or thoroughly given him free will is in the question. Separately surveying these issues in all three religions, this article distinguishably circulates theirs experts' verdicts; furthermore, it compares and adapts their verdicts to each, considering the differences, and finally it selects the appreciated and complete one. Initially we took a look at the verdicts of Ash'arīyūn, Mu'tazilah, and Shiite in the school of Islam, then the verdicts of jewish experts such as Sa'dīyā, Ibrāhīm ibn 'adhrā, and Ibrāhīm ibn dāvūd have been discussed. The verdicts of christian experts like Saint Augustines, Pelagius, and their companions have been examined at the end Manuscript profile

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3 - Theological foundations for the theory of guardianship of the jurist

According to the theological arguments, guardianship and authority in its origin belongs to Allah SWT. He is the creator, the Lord, the Guardian of the whole existence. Therefor authority or guardianship of anyone else is illicit, unless the one that is permitted by Him More

According to the theological arguments, guardianship and authority in its origin belongs to Allah SWT. He is the creator, the Lord, the Guardian of the whole existence. Therefor authority or guardianship of anyone else is illicit, unless the one that is permitted by Him. Having authority over others without His permission is regarded to be unacceptable, false, oppression and transgressing other people’s rights. This guardianship of Allah SWT is manifested as a divine Grace by sending of the prophets and is maintained by the infallible Imams. Since divine Grace is one of the attributes of Allah SWT and His attributes are not subject to alteration, this wise Grace is to be constant at the time of occultation as well. Here the necessity of the guardianship of the jurists as the closest people to the attributes of the infallible Imams and the most trustworthy one’s to handle the tempting position of leadership, in order to protect and continue the course of Imamate and guidance, is comprehended. This also seems to be a necessary Grace from Allah SWT. Manuscript profile

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4 - Jews Doctrinal Challenges and Verbal Conflicts during the Life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH

After the establishment of the Islamic state in Medina, several groups such as the Jews who were residing in the city and its neighborhood deployed against the Prophet. As The Holy Quran states Jewish were among those nations who settled in Medina awaiting the prophecy More

After the establishment of the Islamic state in Medina, several groups such as the Jews who were residing in the city and its neighborhood deployed against the Prophet. As The Holy Quran states Jewish were among those nations who settled in Medina awaiting the prophecy of the promised one, but Because of their hostility to the Prophet (PBUH) and obstinacy in accepting the truth, they forgot the basis of their own religion and tried to oppose the Prophet (PBUH) and prevent the spread of Islam. Secularism of the Jews led them to take military actions against Islam and intrigued against it. Also, by broaching verbal and religious issues, the attempted to hamper the spread of Islam. Verbal conflicts of the Jews and their religious questions, including the prophecy of Mohammad; the dignity of Prophet Ibrahim (PBUH); and Qibla shift, during the life of the Prophet have been mentioned and appropriately answered in the Holy Quran to be a lesson for those who seek truth. Citing several verses, commentaries, and historical resources and through a library descriptive-analytical approach, this paper aims at evaluating those doctrinal and verbal challenges Jews used to confront the prophet and his followers. Manuscript profile

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5 - Molla Mehdi Naraqi initiatives concerning the divine knowledge

It is beyond a shadow of a doubt that the issue of Devine knowledge is one of the most important and complicated issues in Islamic theology and philosophy. Islamic theologians and philosophers have engaged in various aspects of this issue, including how to prove and qua More

It is beyond a shadow of a doubt that the issue of Devine knowledge is one of the most important and complicated issues in Islamic theology and philosophy. Islamic theologians and philosophers have engaged in various aspects of this issue, including how to prove and quality of that, and present different arguments. Mulla Mahdī Narāqī was one of the great figures who has discussed regarding two above-mentioned aspects of Devine knowledge and innovated new ideas. The quality and argument in favor of Devine knowledge in the view of Narāgī, are the main questions which this paper concentrate on. Analyzing several books of Narāgī, such as Jami' al-Afkār wa Nāqid al-Anzār, we came to following conclusions: First: The correct aspect of proving omniscience upon the "Any unphysical entity is thinker of itself" rule would be that any unphysical entity which stands on its essence has the capacity of perception and thinking. But actuality of thinking is subordinated to actuality of the most powerful interest between thinker and which has been thought, and that would exactly be the presence of its essence in its essence, that is knowledge by presence. Second: for the quality of omniscience, the best view would be that to make the presence of god's essence in its essence the criterion of God's detailed knowledge to all entities, even before as after creation. It is the total presence and all discovering for all entities, in their inclusion and causality. The presence of God in its essence is more powerful than the presence of entities to God. Manuscript profile

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6 - The history of the concept of the articles of faith in Sunni theological tradition

The discussion of the principles of religion or the articles of faith is one of the most important discussions among Muslim thinkers. This important concept of the principles of religion or the articles of faith has its own history among Muslims. The concept of the five More

The discussion of the principles of religion or the articles of faith is one of the most important discussions among Muslim thinkers. This important concept of the principles of religion or the articles of faith has its own history among Muslims. The concept of the five articles of faith in Islam is not extant in Quran or in Hadith but has entered the works of Muslim theologians especially by the works of Mutazilites. In its early stages in the history, the concept of principles of the religion or the articles of faith was used in a general way and referred to the whole theological beliefs but later its usage has narrowed and just referred to some special theological creeds. In this period usually five items were referred to as the five principles of religion. Different theological traditions have their own principles of religion in the way that sometimes seven and even fifteen items were referred to as the principles of religion. Unlike the rationalist Mutazilites, there is no such a concept among Ash'arites or Maturidites. In this article we will survey the history of the changes the concept of the articles of faith experienced in Sunni Kalam tradition Manuscript profile

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7 - The role of the Quran on Science of the theology in the method

Each science has the method or means by which it achieves its goals, There are some sciences of a single method, like philosophy, and some are some other methods. The Science of the theology, which is responsible for explaining religious doctrines and answers to doubts, More

Each science has the method or means by which it achieves its goals, There are some sciences of a single method, like philosophy, and some are some other methods. The Science of the theology, which is responsible for explaining religious doctrines and answers to doubts, Various views have been presented on the one or more methods of theology of theology from different theological religions, For example, the Ahl al-Hadith selected the narrative method and the Mu'tazilites chose the rational method. But referring to the Qur'an shows that to explain religious teachings, we must use different methods. The author in this article will show that must use the science of the theology of all possible methods, example: narrative iIcludes Quran and Traditions, rational includes reason and even definitive philosophical principles, experimental and sensory, intuitive. This claim is in contradiction to the claims of some who regard the science of the theology as certain metaphors as quoted and experimental Manuscript profile

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8 - introduction and research of treatise on the definition of theology in Dawani

Dawani researchers treatis is a commentary on the discussion definition of theology in Sharh Mavaghef.Mir Seyyed Sharif offers five subject.Dawani describe them and draw backs on imports .some bugs have been proposed answeres. According to Dawani believe , the mea More

Dawani researchers treatis is a commentary on the discussion definition of theology in Sharh Mavaghef.Mir Seyyed Sharif offers five subject.Dawani describe them and draw backs on imports .some bugs have been proposed answeres. According to Dawani believe , the meaning of power is the science of knowledges that can able to give them reasons and dismiss doubts. In other words, the theologian someone who confirmation of all beliefs along with the preparation for the rest of means of reasoning and the ways of eliminating the doubts as it was required. Dawani researchers are continuing to review the definition of Taftazani in Almaghased deals.The correction ahead of old manuscripts and tried to be valid.including two versions of contemporary life,a version ooes back to the time of life Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Perimethodology of Islamic Theology
hamid reza shakerin

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.10.37.8.0

Methodology of sciences and critical studies in this field have obtained special importance in the contemporary world. This case insists peripheral studies concerning the logic and methodology of Islamic theology. The present article is to look at the above mentioned su More

Methodology of sciences and critical studies in this field have obtained special importance in the contemporary world. This case insists peripheral studies concerning the logic and methodology of Islamic theology. The present article is to look at the above mentioned subject from philosophical point of view. Therefore the research is a part of the philosophy of methodology of Islamic theology. This kind of study perform the theoretical framework and foundamental bases for the methods of disciplines, and causes betterment, advancement and cognition of the needs for the subsequent researches. Some of the most important advantages of this kind of study is to aquire the frame of problems of this field, the necessity, importance, and its relation to the other fields of knowledge.. Manuscript profile

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10 - Islamic theologians approach to intellect in verbal theories
hormoz asadikohbad

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.42.1.6

Islamic thinkers from the formation of Islam's culture and civilization in the interpretation of Islamic texts and privileged the inference and taking advantage of those scriptures in the typology and principles of ideological use of them in commissioning guidelines and More

Islamic thinkers from the formation of Islam's culture and civilization in the interpretation of Islamic texts and privileged the inference and taking advantage of those scriptures in the typology and principles of ideological use of them in commissioning guidelines and the Muslim procedure (jurisprudence), a variety of views. Therefore, various orientations have emerged and the origin of various theological schools, some of which have been implicated in texts without any interpretations and interpretation, and opposed to any crushing and involvement of the intellect in this field. And another group, for wisdom, the importance of abundance and verses and narratives were interpreted as a result of the emergence of multiple verbal ashaareh, such as Justice, Matoridye, and Lung.... There has been another way of thinking in the realm of Fiqh and the basics of inference and various jurisprudential schools such as, the Companions of the vote, Hadith, and the appearance of the lung.... In the Ahl al-Hadith and the principles of the principled manner in Shiite Shia, this research is achieved by descriptive analysis and by adapting various thinkers of these schools to the conclusion that although all the Islamism and the custody have common goals, but their approach to wisdom in the face of texts has caused the multiplicity of methods and attitudes, in the field of and practical. Manuscript profile

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11 - A Study of the Narrative Method of Inferring Theological Knowledge of Allameh Tabatabai from the Qur'an with the Focus on the Application (Rule of Status) and (Concise and Explanatory) on Divine Attributes and Actions
Nahideh Mahdavi Mohammad Kazem Reza Zadeh Judi Seyed Ali Pour Manoucherhr

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.43.11.8

Among the topics of theology, the methodological discussions of this knowledge, like other sciences, are very important. However, the gap in the methodological issues of theologians in the field of verbal inferences is considerable. In the opinion of the author, it is n More

Among the topics of theology, the methodological discussions of this knowledge, like other sciences, are very important. However, the gap in the methodological issues of theologians in the field of verbal inferences is considerable. In the opinion of the author, it is noteworthy that many literary topics such as status, usage, signification, truth and permissibility, verbal principles, as well as the topics of "general and specific" concepts, "absolute and limited", "concise and explanatory" Can be used in the discussion of theology methodology. However, among the mentioned topics, in this article, due to the brevity and capacity of this article, we have tried only to explain the extent and manner of Allameh Tabatabai in his theological inferences from the rule of situation and "concise and explanatory" about divine attributes and actions. We examine the analytical method and recount its results. Manuscript profile

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12 - The Relationship between Imamate and Khatamiyya in Imami Theology
seyedmahdi hosseini

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.44.3.2

One of the fundamental issues in Shiite beliefs is the relationship between Imamate and Khatamiyya; according to the Shiite view, not only is there no incompatibility between Imamate and Khatamiyya, but there is also a connection. The position of Imamate is alongside th More

One of the fundamental issues in Shiite beliefs is the relationship between Imamate and Khatamiyya; according to the Shiite view, not only is there no incompatibility between Imamate and Khatamiyya, but there is also a connection. The position of Imamate is alongside the position of prophethood, and the purpose of Khatamiyya will not be fulfilled except by Imamate. However, some Sunni scholars and religious intellectuals have criticized this connection. In this study, based on reliable and scholarly documents and with the help of the principle of Khatamiyya, we try to examine, evaluate and criticize the most important doubts raised about the affairs of the Infallible Imam in Shiite theology; including the Imam's relationship with the unseen world, legislative guardianship, the authority of the word and the religious authority of the Imams. The criterion of prophecy is "receiving direct revelation from God" and "independent authority"; this is while the Shiites, on the one hand, consider their Imams to have authority based on the Prophet and through him, and on the other hand, they believe the acquisition of truths by the Imam indirectly through the legacy of the Prophet. By explaining the ambiguities and answering them, it becomes clear that the Shiite approach in interpreting the principle of Khatamiyya, which is reflected in the holy Qur'an, the Prophetic tradition and common sense, is the only approach that justifies Khatamiyya and causes the continuation of the divine mission and guardianship. Manuscript profile

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13 - The argument from particularization for God’s existence in Twelver Shīʿism kalām
Hamid Ataei Nazari

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.11.44.7.6

Among classical arguments for God’s existence in Islamic theology is The argument from particularization which is also called “the proof of possibility of attributes” and “proof of particularization”. The gist of the argument is that since all bodies share in corporeali More

Among classical arguments for God’s existence in Islamic theology is The argument from particularization which is also called “the proof of possibility of attributes” and “proof of particularization”. The gist of the argument is that since all bodies share in corporeality yet differ in various attributes, there must be some cause for the particularization of the attributes of bodies. the cause must be an eternal agent who is not a body. Different versions of the argument presented by Twelver Shīʿī theologians in various schools caused important and considerable evolution in the history of the argument. Such evolution in Twelver Shīʿism kalām has not been the subject of researches so far. In the present paper, having discussed different versions of the argument in Twelver Shīʿism kalām from the 6th/12th to 11th/17th centuries, illustrated changes and the evolution of the argument in the period. It shows that there are four different versions of The argument from particularization for God’s existence in the Twelver Shīʿism kalām, which are rather distinct in the premises and conclusion. The argument from particularization has not been received much attention from Twelver Shīʿī theologians, probably due to some fundamental flaws in it, including its disability to prove God as a necessary existent (wājib al-wujūd). Manuscript profile

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14 - A Study of the Scholastic and Theological Concepts of Gnosticism in Isma'ilism (Imamate and the interpretive and esoteric realm of the Holy Word)
Maryam Naser Tork Aziz’lla h Tavakolli Kafiabad Hadi Heidarinia

20.1001.1.98991735.1400.12.45.6.0

Gnosticism was a combination of the manifestation of divine light in man and his coming out of the dark world of matter. In Gnosticism, knowledge is a divine and intuitive thing that does not appear except in the light of a single truth. The influence of Gnostic wisdom More

Gnosticism was a combination of the manifestation of divine light in man and his coming out of the dark world of matter. In Gnosticism, knowledge is a divine and intuitive thing that does not appear except in the light of a single truth. The influence of Gnostic wisdom throughout history has been profound and far-reaching. For example, one of the most important teachings that entered the Shiite currents from Gnosticism is dualism or duplicity, according to which existence is the arena of constant struggle between good and evil. In addition, the humiliation of the body as the place of matter and evil is another major theme of Gnosticism that emerged among the Shiite mystical sects, especially the Isma'ilism and the Gholat. Gnostics believe that knowledge is not a rational thing, but more than anything else is empirical and based on mystical revelations and is obtains by knowing the soul and its nature and destiny. In Gnostic theology, man has a very prominent place. He, created from body, soul and spirit, has a dual origin: one is material and the other is spiritual. According to some Gnostic texts, the Creator created the human body and his soul originated from the Almighty. Accordingly, in most of the early Shiite currents, we see the emergence of major concepts of Gnosticism such as duality, the deity of man in the position of the Infallible Imam (AS) and the interpretive and symbolic aspect of the holy books. The Isma'ilism were one of the most important Shiite sects that received the most influence from Gnostic wisdom. The influence of Gnosticism in the Isma'ilism was mainly representing in the field of Imamate and interpretation of the Holy Word. In fact, the constant existence of the Imam as a direct manifestation of divine grace, mercy, and knowledge is one of the direct effects of Gnosticism in the Ismaili religion. In Gnosticism, in order to understand the true and esoteric knowledge of Gnosticism, the existence of a divine source is necessary, and in Isma'ilism, this source is the Imam. Interpretation and knowledge of outward and inward matters was also one of the basic principles of Gnosticism, which had a profound effect on the Isma'ilism. Manuscript profile

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15 - The study of Attar's deterministic thought based on Unity of acts (tawhid al-af'al (and Nearness to God via supererogatory worships (Qurb al-Nawafil)
Abolfazl Afshari Pour reza Haidari Nori reza fahimi

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.46.2.2

The subject of determinism and free will, among the various philosophical, theological and mystical issues, is one of the topics that has always been considered by various religions and sects. In this regard, philosophers and non-philosophers also agree on this question More

The subject of determinism and free will, among the various philosophical, theological and mystical issues, is one of the topics that has always been considered by various religions and sects. In this regard, philosophers and non-philosophers also agree on this question of whether the actions and behaviors that occur to man or what happens to him are all in the hands of man himself or under the influence of other factors and forces. The belief that man is a free or compelled has always influenced man's social vision. Its importance is such that great men, artists and virtuous people like Attar with all their scientific insight and taste and intuitive understanding seek to answer this question to get an appropriate answer on the issue of human determinism and free will. Attar is a Ash'ari in theology and is also a Sufi. But unlike the Ash'arites and the Sufis, who are absolute determinists, he has expressed different views on determinism and free will. Attar does not accept verbal, reprehensible and disgusting determinism and in many cases he means determinism, as a mystical point of view and describing the attribute of the tyranny of God, and explaining the satisfaction of the servant against the truth and Unity of acts. Hence, Attar's view of Unity of acts, which is one of the monotheistic levels, has caused his thought to be similar to the theological beliefs of the Ash'arites. The results of this research, which has been obtained by library method, descriptive-analytical method and document research, show that Attar in the universe, according to the principle of Unity of acts, sees God as the only agent in the universe and The issue of determinism from a mystical point of view by depriving man of any power and will is explicitly raised and in many of his poems. Manuscript profile

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16 - Explaining the Islamic-Theological Thought of Abu Jahl Ismail Ibn Ali Nobakhti and His Role in Consolidating the Theological Foundations of the Imams in the Age of Absence
Javad Haghiri Madadi

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.46.4.4

Abu Sahl Ismail Ibn Ali Nobakhti is one of the famous Shiites and is known as the Sheikh of the Imamiyya theologians in the Age of Absence. They have been. Considering the formation of conflict in the two fields of thought and theology before Abu Sahl and the reproducti More

Abu Sahl Ismail Ibn Ali Nobakhti is one of the famous Shiites and is known as the Sheikh of the Imamiyya theologians in the Age of Absence. They have been. Considering the formation of conflict in the two fields of thought and theology before Abu Sahl and the reproduction of these ideas in the scholars and theologians of later ages, the study of this period is of utmost importance. Many Shiite principles and beliefs about the Imamate and the Age of Absence are formed in this period. However, the services of Abu Sahl al-Nubakhti can be explained in two levels: political services and scientific services to the Shiite community. This article is reconstructed by the method of logic and with reference to first-hand sources, examines the views and political-theological ideas of Abu Sahl during the period of his minor absence. Manuscript profile

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17 - Allameh Helli's theological approach (Background, innovation and its transformation in Imami theology)
Mohammad Hasan Nade

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.46.10.0

The history of Imami theology in its path of growth and excellence has so far left behind schools that each have played a transformative role in the growth of Imami theological thought. In the first two schools (Medina and Kufa), all Shiite beliefs and beliefs were deve More

The history of Imami theology in its path of growth and excellence has so far left behind schools that each have played a transformative role in the growth of Imami theological thought. In the first two schools (Medina and Kufa), all Shiite beliefs and beliefs were developed, explained and established. Then, the previous heritage was codified and transferred in Qom and Baghdad schools with two theological approaches. With the decline of Qom and Baghdad, one of the great Shiite schools that emerged from the Imamiyya schools in terms of comprehensiveness, diversity and innovation was the Hillah School. A school that, in addition to creating changes in other Islamic sciences, also became the origin of many changes in Shiite theological thought with different approaches. Among them it was the only philosophical-theological approach that was given more attention by the scholar Tusi. Other approaches were less visible in the radius of the dominant philosophical approach, or some were ignored. Therefore, this article intends to review the theological developments of Hillah school from the background, innovation and the process of formation of one of the theological approaches created by Allameh Helli and to look at Hillah as it should not be considered, and its role in Show the evolution of Imami theology more than before. Manuscript profile

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18 - The conflict between narrative and rational proofs and its solution in Tafkiki and shia philosophical theology
حمیدرضا شاکرین

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.47.7.9

A methodological problem, wich becomes more important in case of multiplicity of resources of knowledge, is the relation between the datas of those resources, their cooperations and solving the conflictions wich may occur between them. The probable confliction can be co More

A methodological problem, wich becomes more important in case of multiplicity of resources of knowledge, is the relation between the datas of those resources, their cooperations and solving the conflictions wich may occur between them. The probable confliction can be considered within the datas of a single resource, as it can be considered within the datas of several resources. The present issue is aimed to study and evaluate the resolution to problem of conflict, between narrative and rational reasons, from the view point of Shia rational-philosophical and Tafkik theology. The method of discovery in the issue is biblical and the method of evaluation is rational analythics. The resuls is, however, preference of the solution suggested by the rational theology and critising and Tafkiki one. Manuscript profile

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19 - Complaint and explanation of its intellectual foundations in Hafez's poetic thought system
Tayebeh Alizadeh mohamad reza asad majid azizi

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.48.8.2

Complaint is a kind of lyrical literature in which the poet tries to explain the cause of his suffering and annoyance to the audience. In general, complaints can be divided into five categories: personal, philosophical, social, mystical, and political. Hafez is one of t More

Complaint is a kind of lyrical literature in which the poet tries to explain the cause of his suffering and annoyance to the audience. In general, complaints can be divided into five categories: personal, philosophical, social, mystical, and political. Hafez is one of the prominent poets of the Persian language who has addressed various complaints in his poems Is. In the present study, which has been done by the method of content analysis, we have complained and explained its intellectual foundations in the system of Hafez's poetic thought. Based on the results of the research and considering that the poems of each poet are a symbol of the inner workings of that poet, it is obvious that what made Hafez complain and criticize is in fact a reaction to the demonstrative behaviors of hypocritical religious people, preachers, tyrants and political situations. And the unsettled society of that time and beyond On these is determinism, which is rooted in the philosophical view of existence and time, and in fact it is this philosophical view that has formed the basis of Hafez's theological thought. Manuscript profile

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20 - Explaining the effective theological structures in the Ashura movement
seifollah karimzadeh Abbas,ali Heidary mahmud ghayumzadeh hossein khosravi

20.1001.1.98991735.1401.12.48.11.5

The present study seeks to explain the effective theological structures in the Ashura movement. Since the uprising of Ashura has always been accompanied by a mixture of love and affection, philosophical and intellectual categories have found less opportunity to enter it More

The present study seeks to explain the effective theological structures in the Ashura movement. Since the uprising of Ashura has always been accompanied by a mixture of love and affection, philosophical and intellectual categories have found less opportunity to enter its field. Therefore, the need for such researches occurs and places the Ashura movement in different fields. This research tries to prove the hypothesis that all the actions and omissions of Imam Hussein (AS) had a rational and theological basis by using descriptive, analytical methods and collecting library information and taking fish by studying related sources as well as using various verbal and historical software and internet search. The result of his research is the fact that theology, due to its strong intellectual structure, fully supports the foundation of the movement and even the culture of Ashura. Because on the one hand, by using reason and reasoning, it proves the doctrinal principles of Islam, which Imam Hussein (AS) embodies, and on the other hand, it opens the way for scientific, intellectual and philosophical debates about the thought of Ashura. Manuscript profile

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21 - The arguments of those who believe in disbelief in jurisprudence (criticism and review)
mohamad ansari

20.1001.1.98991735.1402.13.51.12.9

The phenomenon of excommunication as a theological and jurisprudential issue has emerged in human societies throughout history, and sometimes people have shown many reactions to this phenomenon. For this reason, the issue of opposing disbelief has been criticized among More

The phenomenon of excommunication as a theological and jurisprudential issue has emerged in human societies throughout history, and sometimes people have shown many reactions to this phenomenon. For this reason, the issue of opposing disbelief has been criticized among the Imami scholars of the religion, and various interpretations of it have been created along with numerous divisions. Infidelity is divided into theological and jurisprudential dimensions, and many differences between the two can be seen in the opinion of scholars. Some scholars consider the believers to opposite religion to be infidels in jurisprudence, some consider them to be infidels in theology, and some consider them to be Muslims. Of course, those scholars who are against the disbelief of jurisprudence, who are few in number and sometimes have a history of reporting, exclude the oppressed opponents from the circle of disbelief in jurisprudence. This research examines these views with descriptive-analytical library studies. In the upcoming article, the ambiguities and questions in this field have been addressed with descriptive analytical method and library tools and new results have been studied. Manuscript profile

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22 - Examining the theory of Ash'ari acquisition and some theological topics in Khaghani's Diwan
Shahrokh Hekmat

20.1001.1.98991735.1402.13.51.5.2

Abul Hasan Ali Ibn Ismail Ash'ari (260-330 AH) in order to find a middle way between the ideas of Mu'tazili devolution and Ash'ari determinism, proposed the theory of "earning" and declared that God is the creator of human voluntary actions and man is the earner of thes More

Abul Hasan Ali Ibn Ismail Ash'ari (260-330 AH) in order to find a middle way between the ideas of Mu'tazili devolution and Ash'ari determinism, proposed the theory of "earning" and declared that God is the creator of human voluntary actions and man is the earner of these actions. He considered acquisition to be the combination of the power of God and man, and he believed that voluntary action takes place following this combination. Based on this, man has no influence on the existence of his voluntary act and is only the place of his act. For this reason, the flow of God's habit causes the emergence of power and authority in man, and his voluntary action is performed. Many scholars have considered the theory of acquisition as another interpretation of the theory of determinism and determinism. Of course, there was a development in Ash'ari determinism and acquisition, and some Ash'ari scholars tried to interpret it in a different way. Khaqani Shervani (520-595 AH) is one of the greatest Iranian poets and one of the first-class speakers of the Persian language who, despite following the Sunni religion, respects Shia beliefs and holy things. Khaqani is biased in religion, but avoids being classist; Despite all this, he tends to Ash'ari theological mashrab, especially Ash'ari Kasbah, and in many cases he prefers moderate algebra. The results of this research, which is based on a library method and descriptive-analytical method, show that Khaqani, while accepting predestination in human destiny, also talks about free will in some cases, and at the same time as a religious religion, in writing some poems, he expresses a way of thinking. And the teachings of Ash'ari thought are based on the Ash'ari theory of acquisition. Manuscript profile

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23 - developments of proof of the truthful (Burhān-i ṣiddīqīn) in Ashʿarite philosophical theology
Hamid Ataei Nazari

Proof of the truthful (Burhān-i ṣiddīqīn) is among the most famous and valid arguments to prove God’s Existence in Islamic philosophy and kalam. However, the history and developments of the proof in Islamic theology have not been the subject of research so far. Likewise More

Proof of the truthful (Burhān-i ṣiddīqīn) is among the most famous and valid arguments to prove God’s Existence in Islamic philosophy and kalam. However, the history and developments of the proof in Islamic theology have not been the subject of research so far. Likewise, the evolution of the proof in Ashʿarite philosophical theology has not been yet explained. In the present article, having discussed and compared different versions of proof of the truthful set forth by late Ashʿarite theologians, it has been shown that proof of the truthful received much attention in Ashʿarite philosophical theology from the twelfth century onwards and was even considered the most important argument to prove God’s Existence. Moreover, certain Ashʿarite theologians, including Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī and ʿAḍud al-Dīn al-Ījī, succeeded to put forward innovative versions of proof of the truthful which made the proof more common and stronger. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Critical confrontations between Sinavi philosophy and Ash'ari philosophy in psychology and its effect on the issue of resurrection
Narjes Roudgar Zahra Ziaie Fatemeh Sharif Fakhr

The purpose of this research is to examine the critical confrontations between Sinavi philosophy and Ash'ari philosophy in psychology and its effect on the position of each on the issue of resurrection. In order to defend the doctrine of incarnation, the Ash'ari theolog More

The purpose of this research is to examine the critical confrontations between Sinavi philosophy and Ash'ari philosophy in psychology and its effect on the position of each on the issue of resurrection. In order to defend the doctrine of incarnation, the Ash'ari theologians established their theological eschatology by adopting the approach of physicality of the soul and matching it with the teachings of revelation. Ash'ari's view was criticized by Ibn Sina. Ibn Sina, by formulating a new nature of the science of soul in theology and natural sciences, achieved a new result in the unprovability of metaphysical rationality and the rational proof of metaspirituality. The present study, with descriptive and analytical method, in addition to reflecting the views of each, has dealt with Ibn Sina's critical encounter with Ash'ari in psychology and eschatology. Ibn Sina opened new horizons in philosophy by creating a logical relationship between intellectual achievements and the appearances of the holy Sharia.Acceptance of physical resurrection included in Sharia and proof of pure spiritual resurrection are among these cases. With the aim of harmonizing the theological foundations and the appearances of the Sharia, Ash'areh also took a similar path with Ibn Sina, which led to the proof of the resurrection. Finally, as a result of the theoretical frictions between Ash'ari and Ibn Sina, their different views on resurrection have been formed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The Role of "Social Monotheism" in the Philosophy of Islamic Sciences Based on Qur’anic Verses: The Case of Theology and Mysticism
mohamad arabsailehei Farideh Pishvaie

"Social monotheism" which is a novel approach to understanding the most fundamental doctrine of Islam, i.e. "monotheism", and supports the theoretical foundations of the realization of a monotheistic society, has various functions that need to be addressed due to their More

"Social monotheism" which is a novel approach to understanding the most fundamental doctrine of Islam, i.e. "monotheism", and supports the theoretical foundations of the realization of a monotheistic society, has various functions that need to be addressed due to their significance and the lack of research in this regard. Among the theoretical functions of social monotheism is its impact on Islamic sciences and their philosophy, which this article seeks to explicate, taking an analytical view, using library data, and focusing on a social comprehension of monotheistic verses. The findings of this article which is based on an analytical approach and the library method, prove the hypothesis that the dominance of the social monotheism discourse over the academic atmosphere of seminaries and universities, by influencing the topics, goals, and objectives of Islamic sciences such as theology and mysticism, may pave the way for transformation in these sciences and this article touches on its evidence and some instances. The result is that with the social reading of monotheism, Islamic sciences can be revised with a new monotheistic approach and in accordance with the needs of contemporary Islamic societies. Manuscript profile

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